Switching Between Menthol and Nonmenthol Cigarettes: Findings From the U.S. Cohort of the International Tobacco Control Four Country Survey

Kasza, Karin A.; Hyland, Andrew; Bansal-Travers, Maansi; Vogl, Lisa; Chen, Jiping; Evans, Sarah E.; Fong, Geoffrey T.; Cummings, K. Michael; O’Connor, Richard J.

doi:10.1093/ntr/ntu098

Cited by 40 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Extant studies have suggested that menthol use preference is established early on, with little switching for either women or men, with estimates of switching among youth around 6% (17). Although not included in this review, Kasza and colleagues reported a similar finding with perhaps even lower switching among adults in the U.S (16). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Gender and Menthol Cigarette Use in the USA: A Systematic Review of the Recent Literature (2011–May 2017)

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose of review To summarize current research on gender differences in mentholated cigarette use and related outcomes. Secondarily, to summarize literature on gender differences in mentholated cigarette use and related outcomes among Black smokers. Recent findings Women smokers are more likely to use menthol cigarettes than men. Other than prevalence, there is a paucity of research on gender differences in menthol related outcomes (e.g., cessation, disease). Among both women and men, menthol preference is stable during adolescence and young adulthood. A substantial portion of both women and men who smoke menthol report an expectation of quitting should menthol be banned. We did not identify any studies of gender differences in mentholated cigarette use among Black smokers. Summary Despite public health relevance, there is little current research on gender differences in mentholated cigarette use, other than studies of prevalence, and very little research on gender differences among Black smokers, including prevalence.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Gender and Menthol Cigarette Use in the USA: A Systematic Review of the Recent Literature (2011–May 2017)

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Nevertheless, switching between menthol and non-menthol cigarettes does not appear to be common. 37 Fourth, this study defined successful smoking cessation using ≥3 months criterion following previous studies, 14,23,24 as literature indicates that 65% of quitters relapse within the first 3 months. 38 While successful abstinence of ≥6 months has been a commonly used criterion in clinical trials and longitudinal studies, 12,13,[16][17][18] previous cross-sectional studies have used the criterion of ≥0 month, 15 ≥1 month, 39 ≥3 month, 14 and ≥6 months.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association of Menthol Cigarette Use With Quit Attempts, Successful Cessation, and Intention to Quit Across Racial/Ethnic Groups in the United States

Keeler

Max

Yerger

et al. 2016

NICTOB

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Few studies have examined the relationship between menthol use and smoking cessation across various racial/ethnic groups; the findings were mixed. This study explored the association of menthol cigarette use with quit attempts, smoking cessation, and intention-to-quit among US adults and by race/ethnicity. Methods: Using the 2006Using the /2007Using the and 2010Using the /2011 Tobacco Use Supplements to the Current Population Survey data, this study analyzed 54 448 recent active smokers, defined as current smokers or former smokers who quit less than 12 months ago. Three behaviors were examined: any quit attempts in the past 12 months, successful cessation for ≥3 months, and intention-to-quit smoking in the next 6 months. For each cessation behavior, multiple logistic regression models were estimated separately for the full-sample and stratified racial/ethnic subsamples. Results: While 72.3% of African American recent active smokers typically smoked menthol cigarettes, this proportion was 21.7%, 21.5%, and 28.0% for whites, Asians, and Hispanics, respectively. African American menthol smokers had higher odds of quit attempts compared to non-African American, non-menthol smokers (full-sample analysis), as well as African American non-menthol smokers (subsample analysis). Menthol use was not significantly associated with quit attempts in other racial/ethnic subsamples. There was no significant difference in either successful cessation or intention-to-quit between menthol and non-menthol smokers. Conclusions: African American menthol smokers were more likely to attempt to quit smoking than non-menthol smokers but these quit attempts did not translate into successful cessation. This study revealed no association of menthol use with quit attempts, successful cessation, and intention-to-quit among other racial/ethnic groups. Implications: The findings suggested that African American menthol smokers were more motivated to quit smoking; yet, the results also indicated no significant differences in successful cessation between African American menthol and non-menthol smokers. Interventions targeting menthol smokers within the African American community may help bridge this gap. While more

show abstract

“…Smokers of menthol CCs were not eligible for this study to avoid inducing changes in smoking patterns which are likely to result from switching current smoker of menthol CCs to a nonmenthol product, as the prevalence of switching between menthol and nonmenthol cigarettes is low. 14 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced Exposure to Harmful and Potentially Harmful Smoke Constituents With the Tobacco Heating System 2.1

Lüdicke

Baker

Magnette

et al. 2016

NICTOB

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction:Heating rather than burning tobacco reduces levels of harmful and potentially harmful constituents, and consumer products using this approach aim to reduce exposure to tobacco toxicants. The Tobacco Heating System (THS) version 2.1 has been enhanced from earlier prototypes with an improved heat control and sensorial experience and thereby user acceptance. Exposure measurements are required to determine whether it may be possible to reduce the individual health risk compared to smoking combustible cigarettes (CCs).Methods:This controlled clinical study randomly assigned 40 smokers to either a group continuing to use of their own CC brand (n = 20) or a group switching to THS 2.1 (n = 20) for 5 days. Biomarkers of exposure were measured at baseline and on day 1 through day 5. Product consumption, Human Puffing Topography, the occurrence of adverse events, and an assessment of subjective effects, such as smoking satisfaction and enjoyment of respiratory tract sensations, were also determined.Results:The group of smokers who switched to THS 2.1 adapted their puffing behavior initially through longer puff duration and more puffs. During the duration of the study, total puff volume returned to baseline levels and the mean daily product consumption increased but with similar nicotine exposure compared to baseline CC use. Biomarkers of exposure to tobacco smoke toxicants which inform product risk assessment were significantly reduced with THS use compared to the CC group. THS 2.1 users experienced less reinforcing effects with THS 2.1 than with their own cigarette brand.Conclusions:THS 2.1 is a promising alternative to smoking CCs. Notwithstanding possible use adaption through consumption or puffing behavior, the exposure to harmful smoke constituents was markedly reduced with the new heated tobacco platform.Implications:Exposure markers to harmful and potentially harmful smoke constituents were lowered with the THS 2.1. Heating tobacco instead of burning can offer a potentially lower risk of delivering nicotine compared to CCs.

show abstract

Switching Between Menthol and Nonmenthol Cigarettes: Findings From the U.S. Cohort of the International Tobacco Control Four Country Survey

Cited by 40 publications

References 30 publications

Gender and Menthol Cigarette Use in the USA: A Systematic Review of the Recent Literature (2011–May 2017)

Gender and Menthol Cigarette Use in the USA: A Systematic Review of the Recent Literature (2011–May 2017)

The Association of Menthol Cigarette Use With Quit Attempts, Successful Cessation, and Intention to Quit Across Racial/Ethnic Groups in the United States

Reduced Exposure to Harmful and Potentially Harmful Smoke Constituents With the Tobacco Heating System 2.1

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About