Switchgrass Response to Harvest Frequency and Time and Rate of Applied Nitrogen

Thomason, Wade E.; Raun, W. R.; Johnson, G. V.; Taliaferro, C. M.; Freeman, K. W.; Wynn, K. J.; Mullen, R. W.

doi:10.1081/pln-120038544

Cited by 131 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Moreover, research also reported that K removed by harvested biomass was affected by harvest timing and frequency [14,[16][17][18]. Compared to switchgrass harvested after plant senescence, harvesting at plant physiological maturity remove greater quantities of K from the soil [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic Evaluation of Switchgrass Feedstock Production Systems Tested in Potassium-Deficient Soils

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Limited information is available about the economic benefits and costs associated with managing switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) produced for bioenergy feedstock in the K-deficient soils common in the southern Great Plains. The objectives of this study were to determine the most economical production system for harvesting and managing N and K fertilizations on switchgrass stands and to determine how sensitive the results are to various feedstock and fertilizer market price scenarios. A 4-year agronomic field experiment was conducted on a K-deficient site in South Central Oklahoma; the treatments included two harvest systems (summer and winter (SW) and winter only (W)), two N rates (0 and 135 kg ha −1 ), and two K rates (0 and 67 kg ha −1 ). Enterprise budgeting techniques and mixed ANOVA models were used to determine and compare the effects of eight harvest/N/K systems on yield, total cost, revenue, and net return. The harvest/N/K systems evaluated included SW/0/0, SW/0/67, SW/135/0, SW/135/67, W/0/0, W/0/67, W/135/0, and W/ 135/67. Results revealed the SW/135/67 system produced significantly (P >0.0001) greater average yield compared to the other systems; however, the SW/0/0 system was the most (P >0.0001) economical, realizing an average net return of $415 ha −1 . Compared to the base-case net return of the SW/0/ 0 system, the value of the additional yield generated with the SW/135/67 system was less than the costs associated with the extra nutrients and additional harvest activity. For feedstock prices greater than $110 Mg −1 , the most economical system shifted from the SW/0/0 to favor the SW/135/67 system.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic Evaluation of Switchgrass Feedstock Production Systems Tested in Potassium-Deficient Soils

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To date, numerous studies evaluated the effects of N fertilization for switchgrass production. These investigations reported positive responses of switchgrass to incremental N applications (Vogel et al, 2002;Thomason et al, 2005;Wilson et al, 2013;Seepaul et al, 2014). In a previous study in Oklahoma, Thomason et al (2005) reported dry matter yields of switchgrass ('Kanlow') up to 18 Mg ha -1 with annual N applications of 448 kg N ha -1 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These investigations reported positive responses of switchgrass to incremental N applications (Vogel et al, 2002;Thomason et al, 2005;Wilson et al, 2013;Seepaul et al, 2014). In a previous study in Oklahoma, Thomason et al (2005) reported dry matter yields of switchgrass ('Kanlow') up to 18 Mg ha -1 with annual N applications of 448 kg N ha -1 . However, in Iowa and Nebraska, N fertilization for 'Cave-inRock' switchgrass at 120 kg ha -1 produced dry matter yields between 10.5 to 12.6 Mg ha -1 while removing approximately the same amount of N from the soil (Vogel et al, 2002).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This variability can be attributed to the differences in weather (especially precipitation), soil productivity caused by landscape characteristics, grass stand characteristics including species compositions or cultivars and stand density, and harvest timing strategies (Casler and Boe, 2003;Thomason et al, 2005; De Witt 1, Green Ridge and Strasburg 1. Therefore, careful and site-specific decision making on N fertility management while taking energy, economic, environmental costs in addition to above factors is necessary for making these warm-season grass bioenergy feedstocks production systems sustainable.…”

Section: Nitrogen Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research findings are mixed, as some studies indicated only one harvest per year for optimal yield and stand longevity (Sanderson et al, 1999;Parrish and Fike, 2005;Richner et al, 2014), while others indicate one or two harvests per year (Thomason et al, 2005). Systems with two harvests per year and adequate nutrient supplies allow switchgrass to be used as a dual-purpose species by providing early-season animal forage and late-season biomass feedstock (Sanderson et al, 1999;Guretzky et al, 2011;Richner et al, 2014;Seepaul et al, 2014).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Biomass Yield of Warm‐Season Grasses Affected by Nitrogen and Harvest Management

Weerasekara

Kitchen

Jose³

et al. 2018

Agronomy Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Core Ideas Dry matter yields increased with N inputs although efficiency decreased.Applying nitrogen at 67 kg N ha–1 was superior in both yield and efficiency.Delaying the time of harvest until late fall or a killing frost increased yield. Native perennial warm‐season grasses (NPWSG) have drawn interest as bioenergy feedstocks due to their high productivity with minimal amounts of inputs under a wide range of environments. Nitrogen fertility and harvest timing are critical management practices when optimizing biomass yield of NPWSG. Our objective was to quantify the impact of N fertilizer rate and timing in combination with harvest timing and frequency on NPWSG yield. Research was conducted in 2014 and 2015 on four field‐plot locations in Missouri. The experiment was a split‐plot design with three replications where N rate and harvest timing were the main and sub‐plot treatments, respectively. Nitrogen rates were 0, 34, 67, and 101 kg N ha−1 with two application timings, all early spring and split N (early spring and following first harvest). Harvest timing included two single (September and November) and two double harvests (June followed by September or November) per year. Delaying harvest until November increased yield across sites. November harvest and N rates ≥67 kg ha−1 improved NPWSG biomass yields. Although N fertilization improved yield, partial factor productivity (PFP) of applied N did not increase with annual N rates >34 kg ha−1. Fertilization at 67 kg ha−1 yr−1 provides an opportunity to maintain a balance between yield and N efficiency. These results demonstrated that N fertilization and harvest management of NPWSG were not always independent, and therefore these practices should be simultaneously considered. For example, early‐season harvesting suppressed response to N when the second harvest was not delayed until after frost.

show abstract

Switchgrass Genetics and Breeding Challenges

Bartley

Saathoff

et al. 2013

Bioenergy Feedstocks

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Switchgrass Response to Harvest Frequency and Time and Rate of Applied Nitrogen

Cited by 131 publications

References 18 publications

Economic Evaluation of Switchgrass Feedstock Production Systems Tested in Potassium-Deficient Soils

Economic Evaluation of Switchgrass Feedstock Production Systems Tested in Potassium-Deficient Soils

Biomass Yield of Warm‐Season Grasses Affected by Nitrogen and Harvest Management

Switchgrass Genetics and Breeding Challenges

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About