Switch-controllable OTRA-based bistable multivibrators

Voltage Mode Pulse Width Modulator Using Single Operational Transresistance Amplifier

“…e equivalent circuit of Figure 5 for nonideal analysis [13] is presented in Figure 6. e CFOAs have been replaced with current conveyors having �nite input resistances ( ) and �nite resistance at its terminal ( ).…”

Voltage Mode Single OTRA Based Biquadratic Filters

“…Several high performance CMOS OTRA topologies have been proposed in literature [1][2][3][4]. In recent past OTRA has been extensively used as an analog building block for realizing a number of analog signal processing and generation circuits such as immittance simulators [5][6][7][8], oscillators [8][9][10], multivibrators [12,13], and filters [1,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Several single OTRA based voltage-mode filters have been proposed in literature [13 -16].…”

Fully and electronically controllable current-mode Schmitt triggers employing only single MO-CCCDTA and their applications

“…Consequently, it cannot operate on a small input signal. Recently, Schmitt triggers based on current conveyors [23,24] and operational transresistance amplifiers (OTRAs) [25] have been subsequently reported. Their advantages are followed: each circuit uses only one active element: the output signals are temperature-insensitive.…”