Swiprosin-1 deficiency impairs macrophage immune response of septic mice

EF Hand Domain Family Member D2 Is Required for T Cell Cytotoxicity

“…This is due to its generalized role in regulating both PD-1 signaling and trafficking but also in mediating adhesion, cytotoxic granules polarization and T cell mediated cytotoxicity. The net effect in vivo , at least in the MC38 tumor model, points towards a pro-inflammatory role for EFHD2, as tumor growth rate in EFHD2 deficient mice was enhanced, supporting data from the LPS-induced sepsis experiments (41). It is important to note that both the MC38 model and the LPS-induced sepsis model are Th1 directed models (unlike the helminth infection model, which is a Th2 immune response).…”

“…However, LPS-induced sepsis resulted in higher mortality, severe organ dysfunction, restrained macrophage recruitment in affected organs, and attenuated inflammatory cytokine production in EFHD2 null mice compared to the WT littermates, implying for a proinflammatory role of EFHD2. This was attributed to impaired bactericidal capacity and decreased HLA-DR expression in EFHD2 null macrophages, secondary to EFHD2 regulation of IFN-γ receptors (41). Thus, EFHD2 pleotropic effect in the innate and adaptive immune response requires further study.…”

B Cell Speed and B-FDC Contacts in Germinal Centers Determine Plasma Cell Output via Swiprosin-1/EFhd2

“…How EFhd2 controls GC-derived PC generation and whether EFhd2 controls Ab quality was unknown. EFhd2 supports lamellipodia formation, lung cancer, and melanoma metastasis as well as macrophage migration through regulation of actin dynamics by Rho GTPases (Fan et al, 2017;Huh et al, 2015;Tu et al, 2018;Zhang et al, 2018a). Based thereupon, we hypothesized that EFhd2 controls the GC reaction and PC development via control of actin dynamics and cell migration.…”

Drug repurposing of anti-infective clinical drugs: Discovery of two potential anti-cytokine storm agents

“…The peritoneal macrophages were obtained from the mice after intraperitoneally (i.p.) injection of 3 mL of 3% thioglycolate as described previously [ 26 ]. Briefly, the mice were sacrificed, and the macrophages were isolated by lavage with 5 mL of RPMI 1640 (Gibco Life Technologies), washed twice with PBS after 4 h of adherence, cultured in RPMI at 37 °C and 5% CO 2 , and finally stimulated with 100 ng/mL LPS to harvest supernatants.…”

“…CCS was induced by a single i.p. injection of LPS (15 mg/kg), as described previously [ 26 ]. After 4 h, mice were sacrificed and serum was collected.…”