Swinepox. Virus isolation, experimental infections and the differentiation from vaccinia virus infections

Abstract

The isolation of swinepox virus in primary pig kidney cell cultures is reported. The differentiation from vaccinia virus was possible with challenge infections of convalescent pigs and the use of the agar gel diffusion precipitation (AGDP) test and immuno-electroosmophoresis (IEOP). Using both immune precipitation tests reactions of identity were obtained between the heterologous antigens of swinepox and vaccinia viruses. A total of 829 pig sera from the field were tested for precipitating antibodies with the IEOP. Antibodies were detected in 65 (=7.8 per cent) of these serum samples.

Ultrastructural aspects of experimental swinepox with special reference to inclusion bodies

“…Animals were infected as described in the accompanying paper (3). Pox-like skin lesions were excised 13 days after scarification and were fixed in .1.5 per cent glutaraldehyde in 0.I ~ potassium phosphate buffer with 1 per cent sucrose, pH 7.2 during 24 hours.…”

“…The isolation of swine pox virus and its serological differentiation from vaecinia are described in an accompanying paper (3).…”

“…Clinical details are described in an accompanying paper (3). Healthy pigs could be infected with encrusted cutaneous material from this source (3).…”

One-step duplex polymerase chain reaction for the detection of swinepox and vaccinia viruses in skin lesions of swine with poxvirus-related disease

“…Vaccinia virus (VACV; Orthopoxvirus genus) infection in pigs also causes the appearance of generalized pustular lesions on the skin (Cheville, 1966;De Boer, 1975;House and House, 1994). Therefore, the differential diagnosis between these poxviruses is important, particularly in countries where VACV infections are endemic such as Brazil and India or have been detected in occasional outbreaks such as Indonesia, Egypt and Nepal (Moussatche et al, 2008;Singh et al, 2012).…”

New and Evolving Infections of the 21st Century

“…This genus has only one species, the agent of swinepox (De Boer, 1975;Afonso et al, 2002a). The disease occurs in pig herds throughout the world but is found predominantly in impoverished regions with poor animal hygiene.…”