Swine methicillin-resistant
            <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>
            carrying toxic-shock syndrome toxin gene in Hong Kong, China

Sapugahawatte, Dulmini Nanayakkara; Li, Carmen; Yeoh, Yun Kit; Dharmaratne, Priyanga; Zhu, Chendi; Ip, Margaret

doi:10.1080/22221751.2020.1785335

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…We therefore hypothesized that MDR ST9 may have originated from the chromosomal integration of plasmid-borne genes (such as blaI , blaR , blaZ , arsR , arsB , and arsC ) along with the acquisition of additional antimicrobial resistance genes encoding tetracycline ( tetL ) and aminoglycoside [ aac(6′)-Ib/aac(6′)-II ] resistance, through IS- or transposon-mediated transposition, as a result of evolution against the increased antibiotic selection pressures. This clone appeared to be widely disseminated in China, and genetically similar isolates were also reported recently in food surveillance for antimicrobial resistance from raw meat products in Hong Kong ( 38 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Molecular Evolution and Adaptation of Livestock-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) Sequence Type 9

Cienfuegos-Gallet

Cunningham

et al. 2021

mSystems

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Molecular Evolution and Adaptation of Livestock-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) Sequence Type 9

Cienfuegos-Gallet

Cunningham

et al. 2021

mSystems

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“…Our systematic review on CA-MRSA carriage highlighted the increasing prevalence of this, particularly among children, in the community in the Asia-Pacific region [ 2 ]. In addition, animal-associated MRSA harboring toxins may serve as a reservoir in MRSA dissemination [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study of Two-Dimensional (2D) vs. Three-Dimensional (3D) Organotypic Kertatinocyte-Fibroblast Skin Models for Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Infection

Barua

Huang

et al. 2021

IJMS

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The invasion of skin tissue by Staphylococcus aureus is mediated by mechanisms that involve sequential breaching of the different stratified layers of the epidermis. Induction of cell death in keratinocytes is a measure of virulence and plays a crucial role in the infection progression. We established a 3D-organotypic keratinocyte-fibroblast co-culture model to evaluate whether a 3D-skin model is more effective in elucidating the differences in the induction of cell death by Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) than in comparison to 2D-HaCaT monolayers. We investigated the difference in adhesion, internalization, and the apoptotic index in HaCaT monolayers and our 3D-skin model using six strains of MRSA representing different clonal types, namely, ST8, ST30, ST59, ST22, ST45 and ST239. All the six strains exhibited internalization in HaCaT cells. Due to cell detachment, the invasion study was limited up to two and a half hours. TUNEL assay showed no significant difference in the cell death induced by the six MRSA strains in the HaCaT cells. Our 3D-skin model provided a better insight into the interactions between the MRSA strains and the human skin during the infection establishment as we could study the infection of MRSA in our skin model up to 48 h. Immunohistochemical staining together with TUNEL assay in the 3D-skin model showed co-localization of the bacteria with the apoptotic cells demonstrating the induction of apoptosis by the bacteria and revealed the variation in bacterial transmigration among the MRSA strains. The strain representing ST59 showed maximum internalization in HaCaT cells and the maximum cell death as measured by Apoptotic index in the 3D-skin model. Our results show that 3D-skin model might be more likely to imitate the physiological response of skin to MRSA infection than 2D-HaCaT monolayer keratinocyte cultures and will enhance our understanding of the difference in pathogenesis among different MRSA strains.

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“…[2] Among these infections, MRSA is recognized as a priority pathogen and the primary lethal threat to human health according to the World Health Organization (WHO). [3,4] More than 65% of human microbial infections and 80% of chronic infections are directly related to stubborn biofilms. [5,6] In clinical practice, many infectious diseases can be attributed to biofilm formation, [7,8] including vaginitis, [9,10] periodontitis, [11,12] colitis, [13,14] urethritis, [15] conjunctivitis, [16,17] otitis media, [18,19] and implantable infectious diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type I Photosensitizer Targeting Glycans: Overcoming Biofilm Resistance by Inhibiting the Two‐Component System, Quorum Sensing, and Multidrug Efflux

Xia,

Guo,

Zhao

et al. 2023

Advanced Materials

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Stubborn biofilm infections pose serious threats to human health due to the persistence, recurrence, and dramatically magnified antibiotic resistance. Photodynamic therapy has emerged as a promising approach to combat biofilm. Nevertheless, how to inhibit the bacterial signal transduction system and the efflux pump to conquer biofilm recurrence and resistance remains a challenging and unaddressed issue. Herein, we developed a boric acid‐functionalized lipophilic cationic type I photosensitizer, ACR‐DMP, which efficiently generates •OH to overcome the hypoxic microenvironment and photodynamically eradicates methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and biofilms. Furthermore, it not only alters membrane potential homeostasis and osmotic pressure balance due to its strong binding ability with plasma membrane but also inhibits quorum sensing (QS) and the two‐component system (TCS), reduces virulence factors, and regulates the activity of the drug efflux pump attributed to the glycans targeting ability, helping to prevent biofilm recurrence and conquer biofilm resistance. In vivo, ACR‐DMP successfully obliterates MRSA biofilms attached to implanted medical catheters, alleviates inflammation, and promotes vascularization, thereby combating infections and accelerating wound healing. This work not only provides an efficient strategy to combat stubborn biofilm infections and bacterial multidrug resistance but also offers systematic guidance for the rational design of next‐generation advanced antimicrobial materials.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Swine methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus carrying toxic-shock syndrome toxin gene in Hong Kong, China

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

Molecular Evolution and Adaptation of Livestock-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) Sequence Type 9

Molecular Evolution and Adaptation of Livestock-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) Sequence Type 9

Comparative Study of Two-Dimensional (2D) vs. Three-Dimensional (3D) Organotypic Kertatinocyte-Fibroblast Skin Models for Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Infection

Type I Photosensitizer Targeting Glycans: Overcoming Biofilm Resistance by Inhibiting the Two‐Component System, Quorum Sensing, and Multidrug Efflux

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