Swine in Biomedical Research: Creating the Building Blocks of Animal Models

Schook, Lawrence B.; Beattie, Craig W.; Beever, Jonathan E.; Donovan, Sharon M.; Jamison, Russell D.; Zuckermann, Federico A.; Niemi, Steven M.; Rothschild, Max F.; Rutherford, Mark S.; Smith, Douglas M.

doi:10.1080/10495390500265034

Cited by 131 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…[5][6][7] Our knowledge of iron homeostasis in newborn pigs is mostly based on physiological concepts stemming from the early 1990s. Although the pig is a major biomedical mammalian model for human studies, 8 its contribution to understanding the molecular pathophysiological mechanisms of human iron disorders has so far been small. 9 The common reason for iron deficiency in newborn piglets is their rapid growth, particularly the increase in blood volume and the number of red blood cells (RBCs).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Benefits and Risks of Iron Supplementation in Anemic Neonatal Pigs

Lipiński¹,

Starzyński²,

Canonne‐Hergaux³

et al. 2010

The American Journal of Pathology

126

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Iron deficiency is a common health problem. The most severe consequence of this disorder is iron deficiency anemia (IDA), which is considered the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide. Newborn piglets are an ideal model to explore the multifaceted etiology of IDA in mammals, as IDA is the most prevalent deficiency disorder throughout the early postnatal period in this species and frequently develops into a critical illness. Here, we report the very low expression of duodenal iron transporters in pigs during the first days of life. We postulate that this low expression level is why the iron demands of the piglet body are not met by iron absorption during this period. Interestingly, we found that a low level of duodenal divalent metal transporter 1 and ferroportin, two iron transporters located on the apical and basolateral membrane of duodenal absorptive enterocytes, respectively, correlates with abnormally high expression of hepcidin, despite the poor hepatic and overall iron status of these animals. Parenteral iron supplementation by a unique intramuscular administration of large amounts of iron dextran is current practice for the treatment of IDA in piglets. However, the potential toxicity of such supplemental iron implies the necessity for caution when applying this treatment. Here we demonstrate that a modified strategy for iron supplementation of newborn piglets with iron dextran improves the piglets' hematological status, attenuates the induction of hepcidin expression, and minimizes the toxicity of the administered iron. (Am J Pathol

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Benefits and Risks of Iron Supplementation in Anemic Neonatal Pigs

Lipiński¹,

Starzyński²,

Canonne‐Hergaux³

et al. 2010

The American Journal of Pathology

126

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Among human FABP genes, the FABP2 variants were studied in association with increased intestinal fat absorption, insulin resistance and diabetes (Stan et al, 2005). A valuable animal model for studying genetic background of obesity is the pig (Schook et al, 2005). This species is widely used in the investigation of obesity candidate genes (Kim et al, 2004).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytogenetic mapping of eight genes encoding fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) in the pig genome

Szczerbal¹,

Chmurzyńska²,

Świtoński³

2007

Cytogenet Genome Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the present study cytogenetic localization of eight fatty acid binding protein genes in the pig genome was shown. BAC clones, containing sequences of selected genes (FABP1, FABP2, FABP3, FABP4, FABP5, FABP6, FABP7 and FABP8) were derived from porcine BAC libraries and mapped by FISH to porcine chromosomes (SSC) 3q12, 8q25, 6q26, 4q12, 4q12, 16q22, 1p22 and 4q12, respectively. Detailed analyses of regions containing gene clusters (FABP4, FABP5, FABP8) in chromosome 4 were performed and their order was established. It was shown that these three genes are located beyond the FAT1 region. Assignment of the FABP genes to chromosome regions harboring quantitative trait loci (QTL) for fat deposition is discussed.

show abstract

“…Transcriptional profiling of CR to elucidate pathways involved in longevity-promoting mechanisms in rodents has been investigated (76,83,85); however, the pig is a better suited model for the human energy homeostatic system than rodents and has contributed to improved knowledge of human metabolic disorders, such as obesity and diabetes (59,72). Understanding efficient feed utilization in pigs will also lead to improved agricultural economy, as pork is used as a major human food source worldwide, and the cost of feed amounts to the largest variable cost in pork production, making up 68% of the total variable cost (33).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene expression profiling of the short-term adaptive response to acute caloric restriction in liver and adipose tissues of pigs differing in feed efficiency

Lkhagvadorj¹,

Cai

et al. 2010

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Residual feed intake (RFI) is a measure of feed efficiency, in which low RFI denotes improved feed efficiency. Caloric restriction (CR) is associated with feed efficiency in livestock species and to human health benefits, such as longevity and cancer prevention. We have developed pig lines that differ in RFI, and we are interested in identifying the genes and pathways that underlie feed efficiency. Prepubertal Yorkshire gilts with low RFI (n ϭ 10) or high RFI (n ϭ 10) were fed ad libitum or fed at restricted intake of 80% of maintenance energy requirements for 8 days. We measured serum metabolites and hormones and generated transcriptional profiles of liver and subcutaneous adipose tissue on these animals. Overall, 6,114 genes in fat and 305 genes in liver were differentially expressed (DE) in response to CR, and 311 genes in fat and 147 genes in liver were DE due to RFI differences. Pathway analyses of CR-induced DE genes indicated a dramatic switch to a conservation mode of energy usage by down-regulating lipogenesis and steroidogenesis in both liver and fat. Interestingly, CR altered expression of genes in immune and cell cycle/apoptotic pathways in fat, which may explain part of the CR-driven lifespan enhancement. In silico analysis of transcription factors revealed ESR1 as a putative regulator of the adaptive response to CR, as several targets of ESR1 in our DE fat genes were annotated as cell cycle/ apoptosis genes. The lipid metabolic pathway was overrepresented by down-regulated genes due to both CR and low RFI. We propose a common energy conservation mechanism, which may be controlled by PPARA, PPARG, and/or CREB in both CR and feed-efficient pigs. microarray; transcriptional profiling; ESR1; residual feed intake; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor a; peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor g; cAMP response element binding; protein GENETIC MECHANISMS THAT CONTROL feed intake (FI) and feed efficiency are not well understood. Differences in feed efficiency arise due to factors such as variations in body composition, feeding patterns, digestibility, activity, thermoregulation, and tissue metabolic rates (68). Residual feed intake (RFI) has been broadly accepted as a reliable method of measuring feed efficiency and is defined as the feed consumed above or below what is required for growth and maintenance (47, 54). Pigs with low RFI (LRFI) consume less food than the population average without a significant loss in growth parameters such as body weight and composition, and therefore, they are more feed efficient. Our group has successfully developed pig lines that differ in RFI up to 124 g/day without significant change in the body composition, with an estimated heritability for RFI of 0.33 (12). The physiology underlying RFI differences has been studied mainly in poultry and in beef cattle, in which whole-genome SNP analyses and microarray approaches have been undertaken (6, 9, 74). For example, transcriptomic analysis of liver biopsies from Angus bulls identified 163 differentially expressed genes...

show abstract

Swine in Biomedical Research: Creating the Building Blocks of Animal Models

Cited by 131 publications

References 1 publication

Benefits and Risks of Iron Supplementation in Anemic Neonatal Pigs

Benefits and Risks of Iron Supplementation in Anemic Neonatal Pigs

Cytogenetic mapping of eight genes encoding fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) in the pig genome

Gene expression profiling of the short-term adaptive response to acute caloric restriction in liver and adipose tissues of pigs differing in feed efficiency

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About