Swimming direction of the glass catfish is responsive to magnetic stimulation

Abstract

Several marine species have developed a magnetic perception that is essential for navigation and detection of prey and predators. One of these species is the transparent glass catfish that contains an ampullary organ dedicated to sense magnetic fields. Here we examine the behavior of the glass catfish in response to static magnetic fields which will provide valuable insight on function of this magnetic response. By utilizing state of the art animal tracking software and artificial intelligence approaches, we quantified the effects of magnetic fields on the swimming direction of glass catfish. The results demonstrate that glass catfish placed in a radial arm maze, consistently swim away from magnetic fields over 20 μT and show adaptability to changing magnetic field direction and location.

Multimodal characterization of Yucatan minipig behavior and physiology through maturation

“…In this study, pigs were placed in a 1.83 m × 1.83 m open chamber and their activity was recorded using overhead cameras for 10 minutes, once per week. We used deep-learning artificial intelligence (AI) software, DeepLabCut (49, 50), to track pig locomotor activity in the open field arena. Figure 1 shows the distance travelled by pigs (n=4) in the open field from 18 weeks of age to 36 weeks of age.…”

Bioelectromagnetic Platform for Cell, Tissue, and In Vivo Stimulation

“…For each application, our goal was to design an electromagnet that can deliver the desired magnetic flux given various constraints including power consumption, coil and sample temperature, and coil size. Evidence suggests that applying magnetic flux densities >50 mT [3,7,13] was successful at eliciting responses in magnetoreceptive targets. Thus, this paper presents a system that provides the ability to conduct a parametric study of potential stimulation parameters and investigate the response thresholds of these parameters.…”

“…High costs of bioelectromagnetic stimulation devices and a lack of systematic analysis of electromagnetic stimulus fields serve as a barrier to designing quantitative studies and replicating results in magnetogenetics experiments. Development of magnetic sensitive pathways, like those using nanoparticles [2] and proteins like the electromagnetic perceptive gene (EPG) [3][4][5][6][7], have contributed to making magnetic stimulus delivery for wide ranging applications increasingly important. Furthermore, recent studies which show that humans may also have magnetoperception [8] serve to increase the demand for easy to implement and versatile electromagnetic stimulation devices.…”

Bioelectromagnetic platform for stimulation

“…For each application our goal was to design an electromagnet that can deliver the desired magnetic flux given various constraints including power consumption, coil and sample temperature, and coil size. Evidence suggests that applying magnetic flux densities >50 mT (Wheeler et al, 2016;Krishnan et al, 2018;Hunt et al, 2021) was successful at eliciting responses in magnetoreceptive targets. Thus, shows a set of three-coils which can be stacked and used for stimulating samples on a multiwell plate with a relatively uniform field.…”

“…Development of magnetic sensitive pathways, like those using nanoparticles (Chen et al, 2015) and proteins like the electromagnetic perceptive gene (EPG) (Krishnan et al, 2018;Mitra et al, 2020;Cywiak et al, 2020;Hwang et al, 2020;Hunt et al, 2021) have contributed to making magnetic stimulus delivery for wide ranging applications increasingly important. Furthermore, recent studies which show that humans may also have magnetoperception (Wang et al, 2019) serve to increase the demand for easy to implement and versatile electromagnetic stimulation devices.…”