Swietenia mahagoni Leaves Extract: Antifungal, Insecticidal, and Phytochemical Analysis

Khamis, Wael M.; Heflish, Ahmed A.; El-Messeiry, Sarah; Behiry, Said I.; Al-Askar, Abdulaziz A.; Su, Yiming; Abdelkhalek, Ahmed; Gaber, M.

doi:10.3390/separations10050301

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The results revealed the presence of a diverse range of phytochemical components, including salicylic acid, epicatechin, ferulic acid, hydroxybenzoic acid, n -hexadecanoic acid, fatty acid esters, and terpenes, which are known to be biologically active and effective against plant pathogens. These findings are consistent with those of previous studies and suggest that the botanical compound substances in the plant extract play a critical role in its biological activity 31 , 41 , 42 . Also, other researchers 43 investigated the relationship between the plant extract's chemical constituents and its therapeutic properties.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Phytochemical analysis and insight into insecticidal and antifungal activities of Indian hawthorn leaf extract

Khamis,

Behiry,

Marey

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Fungicides or insecticides are popular means of controlling a variety of pathogens and insect pests; however, they can cause harmful effects on both human health and the environment. Different researchers have suggested using plant extracts, which have shown promise in managing fungi and insects. The purpose of this investigation was to explore the antifungal activities of an acetone extract made from the leaves of Indian Hawthorn (HAL) against phytopathogens that are known to harm maize crops, Fusarium verticillioides (OQ820154) and Rhizoctonia solani (OQ820155), and to evaluate the insecticidal property against Aphis gossypii Glover aphid. The HAL extract demonstrated significant antifungal activity against the two fungal pathogens tested, especially at the high dose of 2000 µg/mL. Laboratory tests on the LC20 of HAL extract (61.08 mg/L) versus buprofezin 25% WP (0.0051 mg/L) were achieved on A. gossypii Glover. HAL extract diminished the nymph's production over 72 h and their total reproductive rate. This extract was like buprofezin 25% WP in decreasing the daily reproductive rate, reproductive period, and mean survival percentage. Nevertheless, the newly-born nymphs of treated females with HAL extract attained the highest reduction in survival percentage at 46.00%. Equalized prolongations on the longevity of nymphs to 9.33, 8.33, and 7 days and the total life cycle to 15.00, 14.00, and 12.67 days were realized by HAL extract, buprofezin 25% WP, and the control, respectively. The olfactory choice test on the aphids showed the minimum attraction rate to HAL extract. The HPLC of HAL extract comprised an abundance of phenolic compounds (ferulic acid, gallic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, salicylic acid, ellagic acid, and pyrogallol), and the concentrations of these compounds vary widely, with salicylic acid being the most concentrated at 25.14 mg/mL. Among the flavonoids, epicatechin has the highest concentration at 11.69 mg/mL. The HAL extract GC–MS consists of various organic compounds, including sesquiterpenes, cyclopropenes, fatty acids, steroids, alcohols, ketones, esters, bufadienolides, opioids, and other organic compounds. The most abundant compounds in the sample are n-hexadecanoic acid (12.17%), followed by 5α, 7αH, 10α-eudesm-11-en-1α-ol (9.43%), and cis-13-octadecenoic acid (5.87%). Based on the findings, it can be inferred that the HAL extract may be a viable option for plants to combat both fungal and insect infestations. This presents an encouraging prospect for utilizing a natural and sustainable approach toward long-term pest management in plants.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…More seedlings must be added to meet the exacerbation of aphid growth. A laboratory strain (LS) of cotton aphids was attained after approximating seven generations 31 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical analysis and insight into insecticidal and antifungal activities of Indian hawthorn leaf extract

Khamis,

Behiry,

Marey

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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“…For this purpose, the ethyl acetate extract was obtained as previously stated in “ Effect of Trichoderma isolates against the radial growth of Alternaria pathogen in vitro ” section. The resultant residues were subjected to GC–MS analysis using an Agilent 7000D instrument (Santa Clara, CA, USA) and the program conditions were programed according to Khamis et al 66 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To achieve effective separation, a gradient elution program was implemented, involving distinct phases over 20 min. The separation conditions can be found in previous work 66 . The separated compounds were detected by a UV–Visible detector at 280 nm, generating a signal proportional to their concentrations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichoderma afroharzianum TRI07 metabolites inhibit Alternaria alternata growth and induce tomato defense-related enzymes

Philip,

Behiry,

Salem

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Identifying a viable substitute for the limited array of current antifungal agents stands as a crucial objective in modern agriculture. Consequently, extensive worldwide research has been undertaken to unveil eco-friendly and effective agents capable of controlling pathogens resistant to the presently employed fungicides. This study explores the efficacy of Trichoderma isolates in combating tomato leaf spot disease, primarily caused by Alternaria alternata. The identified pathogen, A. alternata Alt3, was isolated and confirmed through the ITS region (OQ888806). Six Trichoderma isolates were assessed for their ability to inhibit Alt3 hyphal growth using dual culture, ethyl acetate extract, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) techniques. The most promising biocontrol isolate was identified as T. afroharzianum isolate TRI07 based on three markers: ITS region (OQ820171), translation elongation factor alpha 1 gene (OR125580), and RNA polymerase II subunit gene (OR125581). The ethyl acetate extract of TRI07 isolate was subjected to GC–MS analysis, revealing spathulenol, triacetin, and aspartame as the main compounds, with percentages of 28.90, 14.03, and 12.97%, respectively. Analysis of TRI07-VOCs by solid-phase microextraction technique indicated that the most abundant compounds included ethanol, hydroperoxide, 1-methylhexyl, and 1-octen-3-one. When TRI07 interacted with Alt3, 34 compounds were identified, with major components including 1-octen-3-one, ethanol, and hexanedioic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester. In greenhouse experiment, the treatment of TRI07 48 h before inoculation with A. alternata (A3 treatment) resulted in a reduction in disease severity (16.66%) and incidence (44.44%). Furthermore, A3 treatment led to improved tomato growth performance parameters and increased chlorophyll content. After 21 days post-inoculation, A3 treatment was associated with increased production of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, POD, SOD, and PPO), while infected tomato plants exhibited elevated levels of oxidative stress markers MDA and H2O2. HPLC analysis of tomato leaf extracts from A3 treatment revealed higher levels of phenolic acids such as gallic, chlorogenic, caffeic, syringic, and coumaric acids, as well as flavonoid compounds including catechin, rutin, and vanillin. The novelty lies in bridging the gap between strain-specific attributes and practical application, enhancing the understanding of TRI07’s potential for integrated pest management. This study concludes that TRI07 isolate presents potential natural compounds with biological activity, effectively controlling tomato leaf spot disease and promoting tomato plant growth. The findings have practical implications for agriculture, suggesting a sustainable biocontrol strategy that can enhance crop resilience and contribute to integrated pest management practices.

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“…This phenomenon results in the separation of cells and the infliction of harm to the plant. The transmission of the ailment can occur through various means, including water, insects, or implements such as sickles [13,[15][16][17]. Ralstonia solanacearum is a bacterial pathogen that causes a devastating disease known as bacterial wilt in many plants, including potatoes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Biosynthesized by Eriobotrya japonica Leaf Extract: Characterization, Insecticidal and Antibacterial Properties

Hamdy,

Al-Askar,

El-Gendi

et al. 2023

Plants

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Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) have gained significant attention in nanotechnology due to their unique properties and potential applications in various fields, including insecticidal and antibacterial activities. The ZnO-NPs were biosynthesized by Eriobotrya japonica leaf extract and characterized by various techniques such as UV–visible (UV–vis) spectrophotometer, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and zeta potential analysis. The results of SEM revealed that NPs were irregular and spherical-shaped, with a diameter between 5 and 27 nm. Meanwhile, DLS supported that the measured size distributions were 202.8 and 94.7 nm at 11.1° and 90.0°, respectively, which supported the polydisperse nature of NPs, and the corresponding zeta potential was −20.4 mV. The insecticidal activity of the produced ZnO-NPs was determined against the adult stage of coleopteran pests, Sitophilus oryzae (Linnaeus) (Curculionidae) and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Tenebrionidae). The LC50 values of ZnO-NPs against adults of S. oryzae and T. castaneum at 24 h of exposure were 7125.35 and 5642.65 μg/mL, respectively, whereas the LC90 values were 121,824.56 and 66,825.76 μg/mL, respectively. Moreover, the biosynthesized nanoparticles exhibited antibacterial activity against three potato bacterial pathogens, and the size of the inhibition zone was concentration-dependent. The data showed that the inhibition zone size increased with an increase in the concentration of nanoparticles for all bacterial isolates tested. The highest inhibition zone was observed for Ralstonia solanacearum at a concentration of 5 µg/mL, followed by Pectobacterium atrosepticum and P. carotovorum. Eventually, ZnO-NPs could be successfully used as an influential agent in pest management programs against stored-product pests and potato bacterial diseases.

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Swietenia mahagoni Leaves Extract: Antifungal, Insecticidal, and Phytochemical Analysis

Cited by 7 publications

References 54 publications

Phytochemical analysis and insight into insecticidal and antifungal activities of Indian hawthorn leaf extract

Phytochemical analysis and insight into insecticidal and antifungal activities of Indian hawthorn leaf extract

Trichoderma afroharzianum TRI07 metabolites inhibit Alternaria alternata growth and induce tomato defense-related enzymes

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Biosynthesized by Eriobotrya japonica Leaf Extract: Characterization, Insecticidal and Antibacterial Properties

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