Swelling signals of polymer films measured by a combination of micromechanical cantilever sensor and surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy

Igarashi, Shinichi; Itakura, Akiko N.; Toda, Masaya; Kitajima, Masahiro; Chu, Li‐Qiang; Chifen, A. N.; Förch, Renate; Berger, Rüdiger

doi:10.1016/j.snb.2005.11.001

Cited by 50 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…[40] However, these coatings, amongst others (such as spin-coating, and inkjet printing), resulted in relatively modest deflections, typically of the order of several tens to a hundred nanometers. [41,42] The reported sensitivity of 10 nm/1 % RH for plasma-polymercoated cantilevers is more than two orders of magnitude lower than that measured here, indicating an insufficient transfer of swelling-induced stress to the polymer/inorganic interface. The sensitivity achieved here is several orders of magnitude better than those known for microcantilever-based sensors and this system can be considered a miniature, fast, and inexpensive alternative.…”

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confidence: 57%

“…[43][44][45][46] Surface layers, such as SAMs, polymer brushes, hydrogels, thin metal films, and sol-gel layers have been employed as sensitive coatings. [47][48][49][50] Swelling of plasma-polymerized allylamine on cantilevers has been recently studied by Igarashi et al [41] They concluded that less crosslinking of the polymers results in greater swelling, but these bimaterial structures showed only modest cantilever deflection, probably because of insufficient stress transfer ability. We suggest that the fine balance of local hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions, important for fast intake and removal of water molecules, achieved for PP-MAN coatings by a randomized network of polar segments and hydrophobic methyl groups, is responsible for such swelling behavior (Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Polymer–Silicon Flexible Structures for Fast Chemical Vapor Detection

et al. 2007

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Although there are several aspects that contribute to an efficient chemical sensor system, the choice of responsive materials can help to optimize several key attributes critical for their ultimate performance, specifically high sensitivity, selectivity, fast response time, and wide dynamic range. Some common issues reported to date for sensors are limited detection range, slow response time, long recovery period, and fast saturation (limited dynamic range).[1] Most of these issues are directly related to the large volume of bulk porous material that is needed for measurable signal output, which leads to inherently slow sorption, diffusion, and desorption processes. One type of gas sensor that receives only limited attention despite being among the most frequently used sensors for measuring important environmental quantities is the humidity sensor.[2]Important applications of this type of sensor include for respiratory equipment, incubators, chemical gas purification, and surgical operations. The main requirements for humidity sensors are good sensitivity over a wide humidity range, low hysteresis, good reproducibility, and longevity. [2,3] Often sensors are required to be very small and suitable for integration into arrayed systems, such as odor-sensing arrays. Humidity sensors currently tend to exploit the characteristics of bulk materials with the required resistive and capacitive response properties. This type of sensor comprises a moisture sensitive ceramic, metal, or polymer material that undergoes changes in resistance or capacitance with variations in ambient humidity. [3,4] Water vapor sensors that use polymeric materials commonly incorporate polyimides, polycarbonates, cellulose acetates, or conductive polymers. [5,6] The typical vapor sensitivity of such sensors is of the order of tens of parts per million (or ±0.05 % relative humidity, RH), which is sufficient for most routine measurements. However, this is not acceptable if a fast, real-time monitoring of vapor content variation is required. Increased sensitivity, to a low ppm level, can be achieved using a porous material to maximize the specific surface area available for water vapor adsorption. [7][8][9] For example, 0.4 ppm v (parts per million by volume) water vapor detection was demonstrated by Salonen et al. using carbonized porous silicon.[9] Bruno et al. used a polymer-coated resonant device to obtain a sensitivity of 7 ppm v .[10] In these cases, although the sensors reported showed good sensitivity they suffered sluggish response times, often requiring a few minutes to completely recover. Currently, modest sensitivity and slow response are the main obstacles to the design and development of microcantilever-based sensor technology. [11,12] In this Communication, we present a bimaterial design for humidity sensing with a vapor-sensitive plasma-polymerized nanolayer coating on a silicon microcantilever with a low flexural rigidity (Fig. 1a,d). The coating acts as a sensitive mechanical actuator, which mediates high internal stresses, enabling...

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Polymer–Silicon Flexible Structures for Fast Chemical Vapor Detection

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“…It is important to note that the deflection of MCs during the assembly process was dominated by the differential surface stress while the thermal and gravimetric effects were negligible. [195] MC-based sensing has also been employed to probe swelling of polymer layers [197][198][199] , self assembly of polyelectrolyte monolayers, [194] formation of lipid layers, [200] and conformational changes of proteins. [201,202] It is worth noting that since…”

Section: Probing Kinetics Of Dynamic Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bimaterial Microcantilevers as a Hybrid Sensing Platform

et al. 2008

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Microcantilevers, one of the most common MEMS structures, have been introduced as a novel sensing paradigm nearly a decade ago. Ever since, the technology has emerged to find important applications in chemical, biological and physical sensing areas. Today the technology stands at the verge of providing the next generation of sophisticated sensors (such as artificial nose, artificial tongue) with extremely high sensitivity and miniature size. The article provides an overview of the modes of detection, theory behind the transduction mechanisms, materials employed as active layers, and some of the important applications. Emphasizing the material design aspects, the review underscores the most important findings, current trends, key challenges and future directions of the microcantilever based sensor technology.

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“…This swelling is generally reversible. [29][30][31] Ionizable functional groups in plasma polymer films, such as acids and amines, are affected by pH and ionic concentrations. [30] This can lead to interactions between the ionizedplasma polymer film and the ions present in solution which can participate in the reaction.…”

Section: Adhesion Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[29][30][31] Ionizable functional groups in plasma polymer films, such as acids and amines, are affected by pH and ionic concentrations. [30] This can lead to interactions between the ionizedplasma polymer film and the ions present in solution which can participate in the reaction. This has previously been demonstrated in a study on biomimetic membrane formation on functional plasma polymers, where Ca 2+ ions from the solution were key factors in the binding of different phospholipid bilayers on plasma-polymerized maleic anhydride functional coatings.…”

Section: Adhesion Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent and Expected Roles of Plasma‐Polymerized Films for Biomedical Applications

Förch¹,

Chifen²,

Bousquet³

et al. 2007

Chemical Vapor Deposition

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125

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This review aims to provide a summary of some of the challenges in correlating surface science and biology, with particular emphasis on areas where plasma polymerization has and will play an important role as a method to synthesize reproducible and well-defined surfaces. Since the range of possible applications of plasma polymer films in biomaterial applications is immense, this paper will focus on processes to develop various surface morphologies and chemical structures for the immobilization of proteins and cells. Functional, plasma-polymerized films are discussed as biosensitive interfaces that may ultimately be part of a multilayer system that aims at connecting inorganic/metallic transducers with biologically reactive surfaces. These topics will be reviewed with some experimental results taken from the authors' own work. Specific aspects such as adhesion improvement and solvent effects are also discussed.

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Swelling signals of polymer films measured by a combination of micromechanical cantilever sensor and surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy

Cited by 50 publications

References 36 publications

Polymer–Silicon Flexible Structures for Fast Chemical Vapor Detection

Polymer–Silicon Flexible Structures for Fast Chemical Vapor Detection

Bimaterial Microcantilevers as a Hybrid Sensing Platform

Recent and Expected Roles of Plasma‐Polymerized Films for Biomedical Applications

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