Swelling properties of CMC‐g‐poly (AAm‐co‐AMPS) superabsorbent hydrogel

Abstract

A series of biopolymer-based superabsorbent hydrogels based on carboxymethyl cellulose has been prepared by free-radical graft copolymerization of acrylamide and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropan sulfonic acid (AMPS) in aqueous solution using methylenebisacrylamide as a crosslinking agent and ammonium persulfate as an initiator. The effect of variables on the swelling capacity such as: acrylamide/AMPS weight ratio, reaction temperature, and concentration of the initiator and crosslinker were systematically optimized. The results indicated that with increasing the amount of AMPS, the swelling capacity is increased. FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope analysis were used to confirm the hydrogel structure. Swelling measurements of the synthesized hydrogels in different salt solutions indicated considerable swelling capacity. The absorbency under load of the superabsorbent hydrogels was determined by using an absorbency under load tester at various applied pressures. A preliminary swelling and deswelling behaviors of the hydrogels were also studied.

Synthesis, swelling and responsive properties of a new composite hydrogel based on hydroxyethyl cellulose and medicinal stone

“…Many kinds of raw materials were taken as the matrix for the fabrication of functional hydrogels [17][18][19][20], and the renewable, biodegradable, non-toxic and biocompatible natural polysaccharides are preferred, effective and potential due to their excellent performance and environmentally friendly characteristics [21]. Thus far, various polysaccharides including starch [19,22], cellulose [20,23], sodium alginate [24,25], chitosan [26], guar gum [27,28], carrageenan [29] and gelatin [30], etc. have been focused and used for the preparation of environmentally friendly responsive hydrogels.…”

pH-responsive carboxymethylcellulose-g-poly(sodium acrylate)/polyvinylpyrrolidone semi-IPN hydrogels with enhanced responsive and swelling properties

“…The polar carboxyl groups render the cellulose soluble, chemically reactive and strongly hydrophilic, and so the application of CMC in superabsorbent fields becomes attractive and promising. 25 By right of the particular properties, CMC has been widely used as a thickening agent and stabilizing agent in industrial fields and has also been used as matrix for the fabrication of multi-component semi-IPN hydrogel. 26 Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is a nonionic water-soluble linear polymer.…”

Enhanced Absorbent Products Incorporating Cellulose and Its Derivatives: A Review

“…In typical cases the latter value is less than half of the absorption capacity in the case of pure water. Especially sharp contrasts in capacity, when comparing deionized vs. saline water, have been reported in the case of superabsorbent hydrogels (Lim et al 2001;Suo et al 2007;Zhang et al 2008bZhang et al , 2009Kim and Mun 2009;Liang et al 2009;Pourjavadi et al 2008Pourjavadi et al , 2009Chang et al 2010;Bao et al 2011;Liu et al 2011;Wang et al 2011a,c,d;Wu et al 2012).…”

“…Considerable research has been devoted to the development of copolymers in which CMC is reacted with acrylic monomers and various crosslinking agents to form SAPs (Kuwabara and Kubota 1996;Pourjavadi and Mahdavinia 2005;Pourjavadi and Ghasemzadeh 2006;Abd El-Mohdy 2007;Ibrahim et al 2007;Pourjavadi et al 2007aPourjavadi et al -b, 2008Pourjavadi et al , 2009Pourjavadi et al , 2010Suo et al 2007;Ali et al 2008;Chen et al 2008;Yang et al 2009;El-Din et al 2010;Feng et al 2010a;Lin et al 2010;Bao et al 2011;Eldin et al 2011;Huang et al 2011;Liu et al 2011;Shu et al 2011;Varaprasad et al 2011;Wang et al 2011c). Water absorbency values generally in the range of 40 to 1400 g/g have been reported in such studies, with the highest value reported by Pourjavadi et al (2008).…”

“…"Review of cellulosic absorbents," BioResources 8(4), 6556-6629. 6565 Gürdağ et al 2001;Kim & Mun 2009;Feng et al 2010a;Bao et al 2011;Pourjavadi et al 2009 Divinylsulfone (DVS) Lionetto et al 2003;Sannino et al 2004a Vitta et al 1986;Askari et al 1993 Epichlorohydrin (ECH) Chang et al 2008Chang et al , 2009a2010 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic dianhydride (BCTA) Kono & Fujita 2012; Diallyltartardiamide (DATDA) Pohjanlehto et al 2011 Glutaraldehyde (GA) Shang et al 2008;Zamani et al 2010 Polyelectrolyte complexes A unique type of hydrogel can be formed through the use of pairs of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes via the formation of polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs). At least one of the polyelectrolytes could be a cellulosic material such as carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) (Feng et al 2006;Feng and Pelton 2007) or hemicellulose (Salam et al 2011b).…”