Swelling of wood

Mantanis, George I.; Young, Richard M.; Rowell, Roger M.

doi:10.1007/bf00192691

Cited by 111 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…All of the lms exhibited greater swelling (approximately 1000% more) at 60 C than at 5 C, including the CNF-ref, which was initially considered to have no thermo-responsive properties. However, previous reports have shown that the swelling of wood occurred at faster rates with elevated temperatures in water, 47 and the same result has also been shown for various compressed cellulose bre pellets. 48 Moreover, this strong swelling dependence on temperature closely obeyed the classical Arrhenius equation, indicating that the swelling of wood was an activated process similar to a classical chemical reaction.…”

Section: Swelling Of Cnf Composite Lmsmentioning

confidence: 48%

Biomimetic adsorption of zwitterionic–xyloglucan block copolymers to CNF: towards tailored super-absorbing cellulose materials

et al. 2017

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A biomimetic, facile approach to cellulose modification is the utilisation of self-adsorbing, naturally occurring biopolymers, such as the hemicellulose xyloglucan (XG). Herein, XG-block-poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) (XG-b-PSBMA) zwitterionic block copolymers have been prepared and assessed for their ability to adsorb to cellulose, specifically cellulose nanofibrils (CNF). The polymers were synthesised using reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer ( These results highlight the advantage of using an XG block for the biomimetic modification of cellulose to form new cellulose-composite materials such as super-absorbing films.

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Section: Swelling Of Cnf Composite Lmsmentioning

confidence: 48%

Biomimetic adsorption of zwitterionic–xyloglucan block copolymers to CNF: towards tailored super-absorbing cellulose materials

et al. 2017

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“…Since styrene is a hydrophobic molecule, it was dissolved in a good solvent for wood such as DMF or pyridine to maximize cell wall penetration. 22 The free radical polymerization of styrene was then conducted for 18 hours at 75 C (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of wood material properties via in situ polymerization of styrene into tosylated cell walls

et al. 2014

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As an engineering material derived from renewable resources, wood possesses excellent mechanical properties in view of its light weight but also has some disadvantages such as low dimensional stability upon moisture changes and low durability against biological attack. Polymerization of hydrophobic monomers in the cell wall is one of the potential approaches to improve the dimensional stability of wood. A major challenge is to insert hydrophobic monomers into the hydrophilic environment of the cell walls, without increasing the bulk density of the material due to lumen filling. Here, we report on an innovative and simple method to insert styrene monomers into tosylated cell walls (i.e. -OH groups from natural wood polymers are reacted with tosyl chloride) and carry out free radical polymerization under relatively mild conditions, generating low wood weight gains. In-depth SEM and confocal Raman microscopy analysis are applied to reveal the distribution of the polystyrene in the cell walls and the lumen. The embedding of polystyrene in wood results in reduced water uptake by the wood cell walls, a significant increase in dimensional stability, as well as slightly improved mechanical properties measured by nanoindentation.

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“…The molecules sizes of the treatment solution are important for easy penetration in wood structure. When greater or equal to 0.63 nm, penetration is difficult (Mantanis et al 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first is that the solution should be sufficiently polar to exhibit a high affinity with wood hydroxyl groups; second, molecules must be soluble in a polar solvent; and third, a molecule's weight should be small enough to facilitate the penetration into the wood cell wall structure. The sizes of wood micropores are especially important (Mantanis et al 1994;Hill 2006). According to a study conducted by Hill (2006), the maximum size of wood cell wall micropores should be between 2 and 4 nanometers (nm).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maleic Anhydride Treated Wood: Effects of Drying Time and Esterification Temperature on Properties

Essoua¹,

Blanchet²,

Landry³

et al. 2015

BioResources

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To improve technical performance of wood siding, treatment with maleic anhydride was applied. The effects on technical performance of drying time and esterification temperature parameters were analyzed. Wood samples of lodgepole pine and white pine were treated and tested. Results indicated that treatment improves technical performance of wood (dimensional stability, fungal degradation resistance, and accelerated aging). FTIR spectroscopy analysis showed spectra with peaks at 1750 to 1730 cm -1 . These correspond to ester bonds formed between wood hydroxyl groups and MA carboxylic acid groups. SEM images indicate that the MA quantity in wood cavities was increased with decreasing esterification temperature. Weight percent gain (WPG) increased with decreasing time and temperature of esterification. Artificial aging and fungal degradation performances were monitored using FTIR analysis. Esterification temperature had no important effect on fungal degradation. Weight loss after fungal exposure of treated samples was not only due to fungal action but also due to evaporation of MA during the drying step. Regarding artificial aging, degradation of wood components and ester bonds were less for samples esterified at 180 °C than those esterified at 160 °C or 140 °C.

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Swelling of wood

Cited by 111 publications

References 17 publications

Biomimetic adsorption of zwitterionic–xyloglucan block copolymers to CNF: towards tailored super-absorbing cellulose materials

Biomimetic adsorption of zwitterionic–xyloglucan block copolymers to CNF: towards tailored super-absorbing cellulose materials

Improvement of wood material properties via in situ polymerization of styrene into tosylated cell walls

Maleic Anhydride Treated Wood: Effects of Drying Time and Esterification Temperature on Properties

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