Swelling characteristics of GMZ bentonite and its mixtures with sand

Li, Jingpei; Zhang, Jinyi; Zhang, Junran; Zhang, Long

doi:10.1016/j.clay.2013.08.042

Cited by 65 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…There are different types of bentonites with different fractions of montmorillonite (the mineral that provides the advantageous properties sought in bentonites), depending on their location and/or geological origin. The most commonly studied for the deep geological disposal of radiactive waste are: (i) the MX-80 bentonite, considered as reference material for engineered barriers in countries such as Sweden (Jönsson et al 2009) and Finland (Kumpulainen and Kiviranta 2010), (ii) the FEBEX bentonite, which is the reference material in Spain (Huertas et al 2006) and, (iii) the GMZ bentonite, studied in China, the world's largest producer of spent nuclear fuel (Sun et al 2013). Other clayey materials such as Opalinus Clay (Appelo and Wersin 2007;Mäder 2004) from Mont Terri (Switzerland), the Callovo-Oxfordian Clay (Gaucher et al 2004) from Meuse/Haute-Marne Underground Research Laboratory (URL) located at Bure (France) and the Boom Clay (Maes et al 2002;Romero et al 1999) of Mol (Belgium) are also being currently studied as potential parameterisation and then validated by comparing the results with those obtained in experimental tests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Database for validation of thermo-hydro-chemo-mechanical behaviour in bentonites

et al. 2023

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This paper presents a database of thermo-hydro-chemo-mechanical tests on bentonites, which has been named “Bento_DB4THCM”. After a comprehensive literature review, a set of experimental tests have been compiled. The experimental data are used to perform validation exercises for numerical codes to simulate the coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical and geochemical behaviour of bentonites. The database contains the information required for the simulation of each experimental test solving a boundary value problem. The validation exercises cover a wide range of clays, including the best-known bentonites (MX-80, FEBEX, GMZ) as well as others. The results collected in this database are from free swelling, swelling under load, swelling pressure and squeezing tests. The database is attached as Supplementary material.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Database for validation of thermo-hydro-chemo-mechanical behaviour in bentonites

et al. 2023

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“…When the sand content is higher than the critical sand content, the swelling of mixtures expressed in terms of clay/montmorillonite void ratio deviates from the bentonite behaviour above a stress, which has been observed and identified by many researchers Sun et al, 2009Sun et al, , 2013. In Sun et al, 2015, the authors normalized the swelling with the montmorillonite void ratio and proposed a predictive method to determine the e m -σ v relationship for mixtures with more sand than critical sand content α N α s .…”

Section: Contents Lists Available At Sciencedirectmentioning

confidence: 93%

Response to “Discussion on “Evaluation of the swelling characteristics of bentonite-sand mixtures””

Sun

2016

Engineering Geology

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“…However, it was not the case for low bentonite fractions. Indeed, Sun et al [23,24] carried out swelling deformation and collapse tests on Kunigel-V1 bentonite/sand (an initial dry density of 0.86-1.51 Mg/m 3 ) and GMZ bentonite/sand (an initial dry density of 1.59-1.73 Mg/m 3 ) mixtures with bentonite fractions of 10, 17, 20 and 30%. They found that the bentonite/sand mixtures collapsed upon hydration under a large vertical stress and formed a sand skeleton.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the swelling pressure of highly compacted bentonite/sand mixtures under constant-volume conditions

2021

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Compacted bentonite/sand mixtures are often considered as sealing/backfilling materials in deep geological disposal for radioactive waste. This study investigates the swelling pressure of compacted bentonite/sand mixtures with different bentonite fractions and dry densities upon hydration under constant-volume conditions. It was found that the swelling pressure of bentonite/sand mixtures is strongly dependent on their bentonite fraction and final montmorillonite dry density. For the samples with a bentonite fraction larger than a critical value, there is a linear relationship between the swelling pressure and final montmorillonite dry density.By contrast, for the samples with a bentonite fraction lower than the critical value, the sand particles will be skeletonized after strong compaction and lead to a heterogeneous distribution of montmorillonite, resulting in a larger swelling pressure compared to the samples with higher bentonite fractions. The maximum sand skeleton void ratio corresponding to that at which the sand skeleton is just formed is used to estimate the critical montmorillonite dry density and the critical bentonite fraction. Comparison between the test data and the estimated results shows good agreement, indicating the relevance of the identified swelling mechanism for compacted bentonite/sand mixtures.

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Swelling characteristics of GMZ bentonite and its mixtures with sand

Cited by 65 publications

References 17 publications

Database for validation of thermo-hydro-chemo-mechanical behaviour in bentonites

Database for validation of thermo-hydro-chemo-mechanical behaviour in bentonites

Response to “Discussion on “Evaluation of the swelling characteristics of bentonite-sand mixtures””

Investigating the swelling pressure of highly compacted bentonite/sand mixtures under constant-volume conditions

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