Swelling and impregnation of polystyrene using supercritical carbon dioxide

Никитин, Л. Н.; Gallyamov, Marat O.; Vinokur, Rostislav; Nikolaec, Alexander Yu; Said-Galiyev, E. E.; Khokhlov, Alexei R.; Jespersen, Henrik T.; Schaumburg, Kjeld

doi:10.1016/s0896-8446(02)00183-3

Cited by 88 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Carbon dioxide at high pressure can be dissolved in a polymeric matrix; the result is the swelling of the polymer since molecular forces are established between the two species [16]. Thus, working under sc conditions is of great interest due to the possibilities of modifying the morphological and functional properties of polymers by swelling in sc CO 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solubility of carbon dioxide in a natural biodegradable polymer: Determination of diffusion coefficients

Cravo

Duarte

2007

The Journal of Supercritical Fluids

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solubility of carbon dioxide in a natural biodegradable polymer: Determination of diffusion coefficients

Cravo

Duarte

2007

The Journal of Supercritical Fluids

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“…Carbon dioxide at high pressure can be dissolved in a polymeric matrix; the result is the swelling of the polymer since molecular forces are established between the two species [7]. Thus, working under sc conditions is of great interest due to the possibilities of modifying the morphological and functional properties of polymers by swelling in sc CO 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transmission IR spectroscopy has also been used to measure the sorption of polymers [13,14,24]. In regards to measurements on polymer swelling, the direct observation of the sample's dimensions is widely used [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sorption and diffusion of dense carbon dioxide in a biocompatible polymer

Duarte

Martins

Coimbra

et al. 2006

The Journal of Supercritical Fluids

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Mass sorption and diffusion coefficients in one acrylate biocompatible copolymer contacted with supercritical (sc) carbon dioxide are reported. Equilibrium solubility of dense carbon dioxide in poly(methylmethacrylate-co-ethylhexylacrylate-co-ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate) (P(MMA-EHA-EGDMA)) was studied by a gravimetric method in a temperature range from 308 to 323 K and a pressure range from 10.0 to 20.0 MPa. The cross-linked copolymer presented Fickian behavior and Fick's diffusion model was applied to determine the amount of carbon dioxide present and the diffusion coefficients. Diffusion coefficients for the sorption under supercritical conditions and desorption at ambient conditions were determined and compared. Samples of P(MMA-EHA-EGDMA) with different thickness were used for comparison of the maximum sorption degree. Polymerization conditions were also varied in order to evaluate the influence of the molecular weight of the copolymer in the CO 2 sorption process. To investigate the possibility of impregnating this acrylate copolymer with an anti-inflammatory drug, a preliminary experiment was performed.

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“…Treatment of the material with the fluoropolymer [4,[8][9][10] consisted of holding a weighed portion of Forum and the PET material in SC CO 2 medium in an autoclave at a temperature and pressure corresponding to the solubility conditions of the fluoropolymer. The exposure time was 60 min.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of the surface of poly(ethylene terephthalate) fabrics by application of a water-repellent coating in supercritical carbon dioxide medium

et al. 2009

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It was shown that in treating PET fibre materials with a solution of ultradisperse, low-molecular-weight polytetrafluoroethylene in supercritical carbon dioxide, an ultrathin layer of fluoropolymer that gives the fabric a high degree of water repellency is formed on the surface.Due to the high demand for water-repellent textile materials for industrial and household applications, the problem of manufacturing stable and strong water-repellent coatings on widely used poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) materials is pressing. Despite the hydrophoby of PET fibres, the textile materials made from them cannot retain drops of liquid on their surface. Liquid instantaneously passes through the fabric due to forces of capillary suction of the complex fibres. PET materials have surface energy which is excess for the liquids in contact with them during use.To give PET textile materials stable unwettability, their surface energy must be significantly reduced. To do this, it is necessary to apply a substance whose hydrophobic sections are oriented to the outside area on each fibre without overlapping the micropores of the textile. A new outer surface with low surface energy is formed in this way.Water repellents are used in practice to manufacture fabrics with water-repellent properties, and effective textile auxiliaries based on fluorinated hydrocarbons are very popular [1]. However, the effect obtained with these preparations is not sufficiently stable, especially on synthetic fabrics. This is because the preparations based on fluorinated hydrocarbons are insoluble in water and are thus applied from emulsions and dispersions. They form weakly bound, thick, condensed layers on the surface of synthetic fibres which are easily washed off in laundering and dry cleaning and are rubbed off as the fabric is used.Attempts have been made to improve the composition of the product to eliminate this drawback. In particular, one of the world leaders in developing and manufacturing products for the textile chemistry, the Swiss firm Clariant, is offering a new series of fluorine-containing products for hydro-and oleophobic finishing -the Nuva group of products [2]. These products ensure that fabrics of different composition are given excellent oil-and water-repellent properties. However, the products are used in high concentrations (for synthetics, 10-30 g/liter) [2] and are very expensive. In addition, the inadequate resistance of the effect attained to the effects of use persist, since the water repellents are also applied from emulsions or dispersions.This drawback can be eliminated by applying a water-repellent substance from natural solution. In this case, it is no longer necessary to use specially synthesized complex products based on polymer compositions of fluorinated hydrocarbons containing emulsifiers. An additional advantage of stopping use of complex water-repellent products containing cationactive emulsifiers is reducing the tendency of the water-repellent textile material toward dry soiling. An industrially manufactured fluori...

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Swelling and impregnation of polystyrene using supercritical carbon dioxide

Cited by 88 publications

References 28 publications

Solubility of carbon dioxide in a natural biodegradable polymer: Determination of diffusion coefficients

Solubility of carbon dioxide in a natural biodegradable polymer: Determination of diffusion coefficients

Sorption and diffusion of dense carbon dioxide in a biocompatible polymer

Modification of the surface of poly(ethylene terephthalate) fabrics by application of a water-repellent coating in supercritical carbon dioxide medium

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