Sweetpotato Cultivar Trials on Hawai‘i Island

Abstract

<jats:p>Twelve sweetpotato (<jats:italic>Ipomoea batatas</jats:italic> var. <jats:italic>batatas</jats:italic>) accessions/cultivars/landraces (entries) were evaluated for yield, resistance to pests, and quality in five field trials planted at Pepe`ekeo, Hawai‘i Island, and replicated over time with blocks planted on May and Oct. 2014, Feb. and July 2015, and Jan. 2016. Plots were harvested at 4.5 to 6 months after planting. In the first two field trials, local entries planted were ‘Okinawan’, ‘Mokuau’, and ‘Kona B’, as well as PI 531094, ‘Beauregard’, PI 573309, PI 573330, ‘Darby’, ‘Pelican Processor’, and ‘Picadito’. Yields of ‘Mokuau’ and ‘Kona B’ were low and were replaced in the latter three field trials with ‘Murasaki-29’ and ‘LA 08-21p’ from Louisiana State University (LSU) AgCenter, Baton Rouge. At harvest, storage roots were graded according to State of Hawai‘i standards and marketable yields included grades AA, A, and B. Then, injuries of storage roots due to infestations of sweetpotato weevil (<jats:italic>Cylas formicarius elegantulus</jats:italic>) in each category were estimated. Finally, sugar concentrations, anthocyanins, and β-carotene contents were measured in storage roots. Marketable fresh weight yields of entries differed significantly, with ‘LA 08-21p’ having the greatest marketable yield. However, ‘LA 08-21p’ also had the greatest incidence of damage due to sweetpotato weevil, perhaps because of its growth habit as a tight cluster of storage roots located close to the soil surface. Entries also had significantly different sugar concentrations (fructose, glucose, sucrose, maltose, and total sugars). Concentrations of sucrose ranged from 25 to 68 mg·g<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> fresh weight and were greater than those of monosaccharides analyzed. ‘Beauregard’ had the highest sucrose concentration and total sugars. Purple-fleshed cultivars Okinawan and LA 08-21p contained total monomeric anthocyanins that ranged from 34 to 37 mg/100 g dry weight. Orange-fleshed cultivars Beauregard and Darby contained β-carotene that ranged from 5485 to 8302 µg/100 g fresh weight. These results provide yields of storage roots, susceptibility to sweetpotato weevils, and amounts of antioxidants in purple- and orange-fleshed sweetpotato cultivars to growers interested in producing new sweetpotato cultivars.</jats:p>

Sustainable sweetpotato production in the United States: Current status, challenges, and opportunities

“…The most popular type in the United States is the sweet, moist, orange‐fleshed sweetpotato (Barkley et al., 2017; Leksrisompong et al., 2012; Smith et al., 2009), particularly in the Southeastern United States where most of the sweetpotatoes are produced. In the Western United States, the drier, yellow to white‐fleshed varieties, along with moist‐orange varieties, are preferred, whereas in Hawaii, dry, purple‐fleshed varieties are preferred (Miyasaka et al., 2019; Smith et al., 2009; Stoddard et al., 2013). Differences in consumer preferences are also evident in other countries.…”

Evaluation of Hawaiian Heritage Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) Breeding Lines

“…Twelve phenotypic measurements were collected: (1) root number produced, (2) forecasted yield in metric tonnes per hectare, estimated as the fresh yield of unsorted roots at harvest, (3) root shape determined using length by width measurements., (4) average root weight, (5) skin color, (6) flesh color, (7) proportion lost to weevil damage, (8) percent lost from rotting during curing, (9) percent that sprouted during curing, (10) uncured sucrose content, (11) cured sucrose content, (12) and marketable yield after curing, calculated as the remaining roots without signs of sprouting, weevil damage, or rotting.…”

“…The cultural significance and vulnerable status of traditional Hawaiian sweet potatoes, much of which was lost in the 20th century, has motivated interest to develop new cultivars using locally adapted germplasm. There is considerable genetic diversity in traditional Oceanic sweet potatoes and substantial consumer interest across the region [10]. In Tonga, lines bred using a polycross block of Polynesian germplasm perform well in the local agroecosystems [11].…”