Sweet Potato Pigments, Variation in Carotene Content of Sweet Potatoes

Ezell, B. D.; Wilcox, Marguerite S.

doi:10.1021/jf60083a013

Cited by 15 publications

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“…Ezell and Wilcox (1958) recorded as much as 45% variation in total carotenoids and 145% in carotene content within one cultivar planted over approximately 0.07 ha and sampled in 10 replicates of five roots each. Ezell and Wilcox (1958) recorded as much as 45% variation in total carotenoids and 145% in carotene content within one cultivar planted over approximately 0.07 ha and sampled in 10 replicates of five roots each.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance in sweetpotato to sweetpotato weevil

Talekar

1987

Int. J. Trop. Insect Sci.

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Sweetpotato weevil, Cylas formicarius formicarius F is the most destructive pest of sweetpotato, Ipomoea batatas in tropical and subtropical regions. The larvae and adults feed on sweetpotato roots and crowns. For the past 12 years we have been screening sweetpotato germplasm for resistance to this pest in order to breed an agronomic cultivar with weevil resistance. Resistance screening is conducted at AVRDC and Penghu island in autumn and summer, respectively. Germplasm is planted between heavily infested source rows maintained in a weevil nursery. Roots are harvested, sliced into thin pieces, and the number of insects (larvae + pupae + adults) per unit weight, as well as the weight of damaged and healthy root slices, are recorded. The resistance rating is based mainly on the number of insects found in the root. Considerable differences in resistance rating are observed from location to location and season to season. Even at one location, tremendous differences are observed in weevil infestation of a particular entry among the replicates. Although over 1000 sweetpotato accessions have been screened, we have not found any that is consistently less damaged over several seasons at either location. Our recent screening of a population of/, trifida x /. batatas crosses show certain hybrids with high yield and low weevil infestation. These hybrids need to be evaluated further to confirm their resistance.Resume-Le charancon Cylas formicarius formicarius F. est le ravageur le plus destructif de la patate douce dans les regions tropicales et subtropicales. Les larves et les adultes attaquent les racines et les couronnes. Nous nous sommes atteles, durant les 12 demieres annees, a trier le germplasme de patate douce pour la resistance au ravageur dans le but de developper des varietes resistantes et interessantes agronomiquement. Le triage pour la resistance etait conduit a PAVRDC en automne et dans Tile de Penghu en ete. Le germplasme est plante entre des rangees de patate douce tres infestees maintenues dans une pepiniers a charancon. Les racines sont deterrees, decoupees en tranches fines, et le nombre d'insectes (larves + pupes + adultes) par unite de poids est determine, ainsi que le poids des tranches attaquees et saines. La reaction de resistance est determinee principalement en fonction du nombre d'insectes trouves a l'interieur des racines. Des differences considerables de resistance sont observees d'un endroit a l'autre et d'une saison a l'autre. Meme dans un meme endroit, il existe souvent d-enormes differences dans le niveau d'infestation entre differentes repetitions de la meme entree. Quoique nous ayons jusqu'a present teste plus de 1000 entrees de patate douce, nous n'en avons trouve aucune qui soit systematiquement moins attaquee dans l'un ou l'autre des deux sites experimentaux. Notre travail recent devaluation d'une population issue de croisements /. trifida x I. batatas revele certains hybrides a haut rendement et a bas niveau d'infestation par le charancon. Ces hybrides meritent d'etre evalues plus en p...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance in sweetpotato to sweetpotato weevil

Talekar

1987

Int. J. Trop. Insect Sci.

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“…The carotene content at harvest was not a determining factor in amount of increase during storage, but in a season when lots were relatively high in carotene the increase during storage was also high (Ezell et al, 1958). In Orange Little Stem sweetpotatoes containing 68 pg (g fresh wt)-I total carotenoids, the increase after 159 days of storage was 21 %.…”

Section: Storagementioning

confidence: 86%

“…Wide differences were found between locations and seasons. Sweetpotatoes from the same field averaged more than twice as much carotene one season as the next (Ezell and Wilcox, 1958). The cultivar Orange Little Stem contained 68 p.g (g fresh wt)-I total carotenoid in 1951 and 34p.g (g fresh wt)-I in 1952; Yellow Jersey, 7.2 and 4.7 p.g (g fresh wt)-l in the respective seasons.…”

Section: Influence Of Different Factors On Carotenoid Contentmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Pigments in Vegetables

Gross¹

1991

244

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“…Nevertheless, since TI levels of cultivars can vary greatly and other biochemical components (e.g. B-carotene) in I. batatas can vary as much as 80% within roots of the same plant (Ezell & Wilcox, 1958), a more detailed approach to specific effects of TI levels on larval growth and development may be required during cultivar screening to fully evaluate their significance as resistance factors.…”

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confidence: 99%

Distribution of proteinases and carbohydrases in the midgut of larvae of the sweetpotato weevil Cylas formicarius elegantulus and response of proteinases to inhibitors from sweet potato

Baker

Woo

Mullen

1984

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Endoproteinase activity was confined to luminal fluid from anterior and posterior ventricular regions of midguts of larvae of the sweetpotato weevil, Cylas formicarius elegantulus (Summers). Aminopeptidase was found in luminal fluid (18%) but was primarily associated with insoluble fractions from cells of the posterior ventriculus (82%). Depending on substrate, carboxypeptidase activity was about equally distributed between luminal fluid and insoluble fractions from posterior ventriculus cells. Amylase was found in luminal fluid in both the anterior and posterior ventriculus. Five bands of amylase activity were detected on starch zymograms following electrophoresis of whole midgut samples. Three of the amylase bands may be plant‐derived. At least two α‐glucosidases were present, one secreted and one bound to anterior ventriculus cells. β‐Glucosi‐dase activity was bound to anterior ventriculus cells whereas α‐galactosidase activity was confined to luminal fluid. β‐Galactosidase and cellulase activities were found in both luminal fluid and the insoluble cell fraction. Thus, initial digestion of large protein and carbohydrate polymers occurs in luminal fluid in both anterior and posterior ventriculus regions. However, terminal digestion of oligopeptides occurs primarily in the posterior ventriculus while terminal digestion of oligosaccharides occurs in the anterior ventriculus. A 20‐fold difference in trypsin‐inhibitor concentration was found among five sweetpotato cultivars. Endoproteinases from sweetpotato weevil larvae were inhibited by extracts from the cultivars but cultivars with relatively high concentrations of inhibitor were previously shown to be susceptible to weevil attack in field trials. RÉSUMÉ Distribution des protéinases et des carbohydrases dans l'intestin moyen des larves de Cylas formicarius elegantulus et réponse des protéinases aux inhibiteurs d'Ipomoea batatas L'activité endoprotéinase était limitée au liquide de la lumière des régions ventriculaires antérieure et postérieure de l'intestin moyen des larves de Cylas formicarius elegantulus Summers. Les aminopeptidases ont été trouvées dans le liquide de la lumière (18%), mais étaient principalement associées avec les fractions insolubles des cellules du ventricule postérieur (82%). Suivant le substrat, l'activité carboxypeptidase était à peu près également répartie entre le liquide de la lumière et les fractions insolubles des cellules du ventricule postérieur. L'amylase, enzyme secrétée, a été observée à la fois dans la lumière antérieure et postérieure. Cinq bandes d'activité amylase ont été révélées sur zymogrammes d'amidon après électrophorèse d'intestins moyens entiers. Trois des bandes d'amylase pouvaient provenir de la plante. Il y avait au moins 2 α‐glucosidases, une secrétée et une liée aux cellules du ventricule antérieur. L'activité β‐glucosidase était liée aux cellules du ventricule antérieur, tandis que l'activité α‐galactosidase était limitée au fluide de la lumière. Les activités β‐galaetosidase et cellulase ont été trouv...

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Sweet Potato Pigments, Variation in Carotene Content of Sweet Potatoes

Abstract: Increase, harvest, storage, Variety Harvested Storage 100 g. 100 g.

Cited by 15 publications

References 2 publications

Resistance in sweetpotato to sweetpotato weevil

Resistance in sweetpotato to sweetpotato weevil

Pigments in Vegetables

Distribution of proteinases and carbohydrases in the midgut of larvae of the sweetpotato weevil Cylas formicarius elegantulus and response of proteinases to inhibitors from sweet potato

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