Sweet Mothers and Gangbangers: Managing Crime in a Black Middle-Class Neighborhood

Pattillo, Mary

doi:10.2307/3005693

Cited by 166 publications

(126 citation statements)

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“…Pattillo 1998;Warner and Pierce 1993;Warner and Rountree 1997). As a consequence, scholars have suggested that the context in which this stability occurs may be important.…”

Section: The Effect Of Residential Instability On Crimementioning

confidence: 99%

Violent Crime, Residential Instability and Mobility: Does the Relationship Differ in Minority Neighborhoods?

2010

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This study examines the reciprocal relationship between violent crime and residential stability in neighborhoods. We test whether the form of stability matters by comparing two different measures of stability: a traditional index of residential stability and a novel approach focusing specifically on the stability of homeowners. We also examine whether the racial/ethnic composition of the neighborhood in which this stability occurs affects the instability-violent crime relationship. To test the simultaneous relationship between residential mobility and crime we estimate a dual multivariate latent curve model of the change in the violent crime rate and the change in the rate of home sales while controlling for neighborhood socioeconomic and demographic characteristics using data from Los Angeles between 1992 and 1997. Results indicate that the initial level of violent crime increases the trajectory of residential instability in subsequent years, whether the instability is measured as homeowner turnover specifically, or based on an index of all residents. However, the effect of instability on violent crime is only apparent when measuring instability based on an index of general residential turnover and not when including the presence of owners in this measure, or when measuring it based on homeowner turnover. We consistently find that stable highly Latino communities exhibit a protective effect against violence.

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“…Pattillo 1998;Warner and Pierce 1993;Warner and Rountree 1997). As a consequence, scholars have suggested that the context in which this stability occurs may be important.…”

Section: The Effect Of Residential Instability On Crimementioning

confidence: 99%

Violent Crime, Residential Instability and Mobility: Does the Relationship Differ in Minority Neighborhoods?

2010

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“…Although existential weariness in the inner city may lead to a greater tolerance of certain forms of deviance, it is precisely the acceptance of common standards by residents and even gang leaders themselves that underlies efforts to establish social order and safety-however unconventional those efforts may be (Sampson and Jeglum-Bartusch 1998). Indeed, Pattillo's (1998) revealing ethnography of a black middle-class neighborhood on the south side of Chicago found that the incorporation of gang members and drug dealers into the networks of law-abiding kin and neighbors thwarted efforts to rid the neighborhood of its criminal element. Yet in an interesting twist, Pattillo found that the leader of a major black gang was a long-time resident who engaged in multiple acts of social control (e.g., threats, monitoring) to keep the neighborhood free of street crime and signs of disorder (e.g., graffiti, vandalism, prostitution).…”

Section: Structural Constraints and The Agency Of Social Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 Heeding Whyte (1943), we acknowledge that disorder is in some respects a misleading term if not properly contextualized, for obviously many elements of disorder do not involve disorganization or a chaotic pattern. Prostitution and drug dealing, e.g., may follow quite explicit rules of street organization (Pattillo 1998). By disorder, then, we refer not to disorganization but observable physical and social cues that are commonly perceived to disturb the civil and unencumbered use of public space (see Skogan 1990;Hearn 1997).…”

Section: Structural Constraints and The Agency Of Social Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systematic Social Observation of Public Spaces: A New Look at Disorder in Urban Neighborhoods

Sampson

Raudenbush

1999

American Journal of Sociology

1,926

1,656

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This article assesses the sources and consequences of public disorder. Based on the videotaping and systematic rating of more than 23,000 street segments in Chicago, highly reliable scales of social and physical disorder for 196 neighborhoods are constructed. Census data, police records, and an independent survey of more than 3,500 residents are then integrated to test a theory of collective efficacy and structural constraints. Defined as cohesion among residents combined with shared expectations for the social control of public space, collective efficacy explains lower rates of crime and observed disorder after controlling neighborhood structural characteristics. Collective efficacy is also linked to lower rates of violent crime after accounting for disorder and the reciprocal effects of violence. Contrary to the "broken windows" theory, however, the relationship between public disorder and crime is spurious except perhaps for robbery.The answer to the question of how city life was to be possible, then, is this. Visual signs of social and physical disorder in public spaces reflect powerfully on our inferences about urban communities. By social disorder, we refer to behavior usually involving strangers and considered threatening, 1 We thank Tony Earls, Albert J. Reiss Jr., Steve Buka, Jeffrey Morenoff, Richard Congdon, and Matheos Yosef for their help in this project, and the NORC team led by Woody Carter, Cindy Veldman, Jody Dougherty, and Ron Boyd for heroic efforts in data collection. John Laub and the AJS reviewers provided helpful comments on an earlier draft. The long-standing interest of Albert J. Reiss, Jr., in systematic social

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“…Hence, this IT could also be relevant to gang members -particularly core members' discipline of peripheral members and 23 retaliatory attacks on other gangs. Gangs have also been known to offer social control to their communities and have been known to "police" neighborhood events even better than the police (Patillo, 1998). The final IT that violent offenders held was I get out of control.…”

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confidence: 99%

Gang Membership: The Psychological Evidence

Alleyne

Wood

2011

Youth Gangs in International Perspective

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That gangs facilitate increased levels of deviancy in members is a consistent research finding.However, it is not fully clear why this is so. This chapter seeks to explain this effect by examining first the likely impact that group processes have on gang members and second the likely social cognitive effects that gang membership is likely to elicit. It concludes by noting the importance of psychology in gang membership and how psychologists need to develop further research to explain the specifics of gang membership as it impacts on youth.

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Sweet Mothers and Gangbangers: Managing Crime in a Black Middle-Class Neighborhood

Cited by 166 publications

References 0 publications

Violent Crime, Residential Instability and Mobility: Does the Relationship Differ in Minority Neighborhoods?

Violent Crime, Residential Instability and Mobility: Does the Relationship Differ in Minority Neighborhoods?

Systematic Social Observation of Public Spaces: A New Look at Disorder in Urban Neighborhoods

Gang Membership: The Psychological Evidence

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