Sweet chestnut agroforestry systems in North-western Spain: Classification, spatial distribution and an ecosystem services assessment

Abstract

Aim of study: Agroforestry systems of Castanea sativa have specific forest structures, which are different from other ecosystems of sweet chestnut. They have provided several ecosystems services (ES) to local inhabitants for centuries including relevant pastoral use. However on present times, have isolated distribution ranges and declining trends. The chestnut trees are their main components but occur at low densities. They are cultivated by using different treatments to improve specific features and maximize different types of production.Area of study: North-western of Iberian Peninsula.Material and methods: We used a large database (>750 field plots) to classify C. sativa dominated-stands into different ecosystems typology (including traditional agroforestry systems), and to assess their most relevant ES. We used field data to define their spatial distribution and discriminant analysis to determine the classification accuracy. Finally we also defined a set of qualitative and quantitative ES indicators for different groups to compare different trends.Main results: We successfully classified these ecosystems and found that the traditional agroforestry systems are of major importance in providing ES, as food provision or cultural services, but showed isolated distribution patterns. Moreover, other types of chestnut-dominated ecosystems, supply important ES such as biomass provision and climate regulation.Research highlights: The relevance of the C. sativa agroforestry systems from ES point of view was pointed out in this work, but also their declining dynamic. Further analysis, based on temporal trends, could help to a better understanding of their status and to define conservation and management strategies.

GIS-Based Assessment of the Chestnut Expansion Potential: A Case-Study on the Marvão Productive Area, Portugal

“…For Central and Southern Europe, under the current context of climate change, chestnut is considered a potentially resilient tree species (e.g., [10,11]). Castanea sativa woodlands have traditionally been managed under different agroforestry systems (AFS) [8,[12][13][14]. Several types of AFS include chestnut trees as the main element but differ concerning their productive aim.…”

Ectomycorrhizal fungal community structure in a young orchard of grafted and ungrafted hybrid chestnut saplings

“…Chestnut cultivation was initially developed by the ancient Greeks, and successively propagated in the rest of Europe by the Romans as a crop, by grafting (Conedera et al 2004). Thus, C. sativa, the only native species of the European continent, covering more than 2.5 million hectares, is mainly distributed among France, Italy, Spain, Greece, Portugal, and Switzerland (Conedera et al 2016;Roces-Díaz et al 2018).…”

Spatial propagation and patterns of abundance ofDryocosmus kuriphilusthroughout an invaded region

“…Pereira‐Lorenzo et al., 2010). D. kuriphilus thus constitutes an important risk to traditional sweet chestnut agroforestry systems and the associated ecosystem services (Díaz‐Varela et al., 2011; Gómez et al., 2017; Roces‐Díaz et al, 2018).…”