Sweet and Bitter. Why female Entrepreneurs often have high Survival Rates but low Incomes

Noll, Susanne; Wießner, Frank

doi:10.3790/sfo.60.8.180

“…This finding is in line with the relevance of start-up schemes for the unemployed as a measure of active labour market policy in Germany (Noll and Wießner 2011). The results confirm findings of earlier studies that entering self-employment in Germany is more likely for males and those with higher education/more training (Bögenhold and Fachinger 2007;Lohmann and Luber 2004).…”

Section: Entry Into Self-employment and Movessupporting

confidence: 82%

Self-Employment and Geographical Mobility in Germany

Reuschke

¹

2011

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in SOEPpapers on Multidisciplinary Panel Data Research at DIW BerlinThis series presents research findings based either directly on data from the German SocioEconomic Panel Study (SOEP) or using SOEP data as part of an internationally comparable data set (e.g. CNEF, ECHP, LIS, LWS, CHER/PACO). SOEP is a truly multidisciplinary household panel study covering a wide range of social and behavioral sciences: economics, sociology, psychology, survey methodology, econometrics and applied statistics, educational science, political science, public health, behavioral genetics, demography, geography, and sport science.The decision to publish a submission in SOEPpapers is made by a board of editors chosen by the DIW Berlin to represent the wide range of disciplines covered by SOEP. There is no external referee process and papers are either accepted or rejected without revision. Papers appear in this series as works in progress and may also appear elsewhere. They often represent preliminary studies and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be requested from the author directly.Any opinions expressed in this series are those of the author(s) and not those of DIW Berlin.Research disseminated by DIW Berlin may include views on public policy issues, but the institute itself takes no institutional policy positions.

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“…Furthermore, the unemployed have a higher probability to enter self‐employment than employees. This is in line with the relevance of start‐up schemes for the unemployed in Germany (Noll and Wießner, ). The results confirm findings of earlier studies that entering self‐employment in Germany is more likely for men and those with higher education/more training (Bögenhold and Fachinger, ; Wagner, ; Lohmann and Luber, ) and that the employment status of the partner is important for self‐employment decisions (Abraham, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self‐employment, Internal Migration and Place Embeddedness

Reuschke

¹

2013

Population Space and Place

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Little is known about the individual location behaviour of self‐employed entrepreneurs. Population geography has not researched this issue and entrepreneurship literature has given it little attention. This paper examines whether self‐employed entrepreneurs are ‘rooted’ in place and also whether those who are more rooted in place are more likely to enter self‐employment, thereby shedding new light onto the place embeddedness of self‐employment. Drawing on data from the German Socio‐Economic Panel Study (SOEP) 1996–2009 it shows that self‐employed entrepreneurs as compared with employees are not more rooted in place and that those who are more rooted in place are not more likely to become self‐employed. In contrast to expectations drawn from previous literature, flows into self‐employment are positively associated with inter‐regional moves. The only finding that supports the assumption of ‘place inertia’ of entrepreneurship is that starting a business is less likely to be linked with internal migration than job changes in the wage and salary sector. It concludes that mobility and immobility and individual and household constraints and preferences are important for understanding those who become self‐employed. At the same time, the people–place relations of self‐employment are important to understand migration and the functioning of labour markets. More generally, this paper underpins the importance of demographic phenomena for economic outcomes and thus the need for population geography to engage with other disciplines, in this case economic geography and entrepreneurship research. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Soloselbstständige im Handwerk: Einkommensstrukturen und Altersvorsorge

Haverkamp

¹

2019

Wirtschaftsdienst

0

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Die Soloselbstständigkeit wird häufi g mit einer prekären Wirtschaftslage der "marginalen" Alleinunternehmer assoziiert. Eine Auswertung der Daten des Mikrozensus 2014 zeichnet jedoch ein differenziertes Bild. Es befi nden sich zwar unter den Soloselbstständigen im Handwerk viele auffällige Untergruppen: EU-Ausländer, Erwerbstätige im Rentenbezugsalter, Frauen und Teilzeittätige. Gleichzeitig zeichnet sich jedoch ab, dass die überwiegende Mehrheit persönliche Nettoeinkommen erreicht, die oberhalb der Armutsgefährdungsschwelle für einen Ein-Personen-Haushalt liegen. Als problematisch ist daher weniger die aktuelle Einkommenslage der Soloselbstständigen einzuschätzen, als vielmehr die Ungleichstellung unterschiedlicher Erwerbsformen in Hinblick auf die Pfl ichten zur sozialen Absicherung.

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Sweet and Bitter. Why female Entrepreneurs often have high Survival Rates but low Incomes

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Self-Employment and Geographical Mobility in Germany

Self-Employment and Geographical Mobility in Germany

Self‐employment, Internal Migration and Place Embeddedness

Soloselbstständige im Handwerk: Einkommensstrukturen und Altersvorsorge

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