Swedish Experiences From Patch Testing Methylisothiazolinone Separately

Engfeldt, Malin; Bråred-Christensson, Johanna; Isaksson, Marléne; Matura, Mihály; Ryberg, Kristina; Stenberg, Berndt; Svedman, Cecilia; Bruze, Magnus

doi:10.2340/00015555-2029

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Moreover, we started prospective MI patch testing separately as a routine examination and followed the test results for one year. The 4.8% prevalence of MI hypersensitivity is, though high, may be considered as rather moderate compared to other European data [ 11 , 16 – 22 ]. Among the MI sensitized patients the mean age was 39 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Methylchloroisothiazolinone/Methylisothiazolinone and Methylisothiazolinone Sensitivity in Hungary

Pónyai

Németh

Temesvári

2016

Dermatology Research and Practice

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Background. Due to allowing of methylisothiazolinone (MI) in cosmetics, cleaning products, and paints, an epidemic of MI-hypersensitivity emerged. Patch testing Kathon CG® (3:1 mixture of methylchloroisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone, MCI/MI) does not correctly detect MI contact allergy, due to the low concentration of MI in the test material. Methods. A retrospective survey was performed to estimate the prevalence of MCI/MI hypersensitivity in 14693 patients tested consecutively between 1993 and 2014. Moreover, currently 314 patients were prospectively tested with the allergens MCI/MI and with MI during one year. Results. MCI/MI hypersensitivity increased retrospectively from 0.5% to 6.0%. By current prospective testing we detected 25 patients (8%) with MCI/MI and/or MI positive reactions. Out of the 25 patients 10 were only MCI/MI positive, 9 were only MI positive, and 6 were MCI/MI and MI positive. If MI had not been tested separately, MI contact allergy would have missed in 36% of all detected cases and in 2.8% of the total 314 patients. Conclusions. The frequency of MCI/MI hypersensitivity is increasing also in Hungary. We confirm that, in order to detect MI contact allergy, it needs to be tested separately. A further increase of MI hypersensitivity might be expected in the future as products containing MI are still widely available.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Methylchloroisothiazolinone/Methylisothiazolinone and Methylisothiazolinone Sensitivity in Hungary

Pónyai

Németh

Temesvári

2016

Dermatology Research and Practice

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“…was tested in parallel with MCI/MI 0.02% aq. 8 It showed that by only testing with MCI/MI at 0.02% there is a risk that those with a weak MI sensitization are missed because the concentration of MI is too low in the test preparation (50 ppm). The SCDRG concluded that because several repeated open application studies had shown that also patients with weak allergies risk developing dermatitis if exposed under prolonged conditions, [9][10][11] it is necessary to test with MI separately, and thus SCDRG recommended that MI 0.2% aq.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(60 μg/cm 2 ) should be included in the Swedish baseline series from January 2014. 8 This is the same concentration/dose as the one recommended in the European baseline series. 12 Thereby, at present there are two patch-test preparations containing MI in the Swedish and European baseline series.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2012, the Swedish Contact Dermatitis Research Groups (SCDRG) conducted a study in which MI 0.2% aq. was tested in parallel with MCI/MI 0.02% aq . It showed that by only testing with MCI/MI at 0.02% there is a risk that those with a weak MI sensitization are missed because the concentration of MI is too low in the test preparation (50 ppm).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Can patch testing with methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone be optimized using a new diagnostic mix? – A multicenter study from the Swedish Contact Dermatitis Research Group

et al. 2020

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Background: Methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI) and methylisothiazolinone (MI) are tested to detect contact allergy to these isothiazolinones.Objectives: To study if an aqueous patch test preparation with MCI and MI in a mix of 0.015% and 0.2%, respectively, detects more contact allergies than the commonly used preparations of MCI/MI in 0.02% aq. and MI in 0.2% aq.Methods: A total of 1555 patients with dermatitis in five Swedish dermatology departments were tested consecutively with MCI/MI 0.215% aq., MCI/MI 0.02% aq., and MI 0.2% aq.Results: The share of contact allergy to MCI/MI 0.215% aq., MCI/MI 0.02% aq., and MI 0.2% aq. varied in the test centers between 7.9% and 25.9%, 3.2% and 10.3%, and 5.8% and 12.3%, respectively. MCI/MI 0.215% aq. detected significantly more patch-test positive individuals than both MCI/MI 0.02% aq. (P < .001) and MI 0.2% aq. (P < .001), as well as either one of MCI/MI and MI (P < .001). In the patients only reacting to MCI/MI 0.215% aq., 57.7% were recorded as having a dermatitis that was explained or aggravated by exposure to either MCI/MI or MI. Conclusion:The results speak in favor of replacing the preparations MCI/MI 0.02% aq. and MI 0.2% aq. with MCI/MI 0.215% aq. as the screening substance in the Swedish baseline series, which has been implemented in 2020. K E Y W O R D Sallergic contact dermatitis, contact sensitization, delayed hypersensitivity, methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI), mix, patch testing

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“…Another patch test for CMIT/MIT was performed on 1,498 Swedish patients with suspected allergic contact dermatitis. It was found that 7.1% of these patients responded to CMIT/MIT ( 23 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixture Toxicity of Methylisothiazolinone and Propylene Glycol at a Maximum Concentration for Personal Care Products

2018

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Methylisothiazolinone (MIT) has been used in combination with methylchloroisothiazolinone (CMIT) for cosmetic products such as shampoo, body lotion, and skin care products. The mixture of CMIT/MIT has been found to cause allergic contact dermatitis and is thus no longer permitted for use as a preservative in leave-on cosmetics. However, MIT itself was approved as a stand-alone preservative at a maximum concentration of 100 ppm as the toxicity was derived from CMIT rather than MIT. However, in many countries, allergic skin irritation caused by MIT remains a social concern. In this study, skin irritation was assessed for the presence of MIT, propylene glycol, and their mixture using a 3D human skin model EpiDerm™. Although non-diluted MIT causes serious skin toxicity, skin irritation was not observed at a concentration of 100 ppm, the maximum permissible level for cosmetics and personal care products according to European regulations. Propylene glycol, the most widely used vehicle for MIT, did not cause skin irritation in the 3D skin model. The results are expected to provide information for regulatory policies and guidelines on the use of biocides in consumer products.

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Swedish Experiences From Patch Testing Methylisothiazolinone Separately

Cited by 14 publications

References 26 publications

Methylchloroisothiazolinone/Methylisothiazolinone and Methylisothiazolinone Sensitivity in Hungary

Methylchloroisothiazolinone/Methylisothiazolinone and Methylisothiazolinone Sensitivity in Hungary

Can patch testing with methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone be optimized using a new diagnostic mix? – A multicenter study from the Swedish Contact Dermatitis Research Group

Mixture Toxicity of Methylisothiazolinone and Propylene Glycol at a Maximum Concentration for Personal Care Products

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