Swarming self-adhesive microgels enabled aneurysm on-demand embolization in physiological blood flow

Jin, Dongdong; Wang, Qinglong; Chan, Kai Fung; Xia, Neng; Yang, Haojin; Wang, Qianqian; Yu, Simon C.H.; Zhang, Zifeng

doi:10.1126/sciadv.adf9278

Cited by 44 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Conversely, micro/nanorobotic swarms can induce occlusion in blood vessels for embolization therapy ,− and for the creation of animal disease models . Recently, magnetic microrobotic swarms have been actuated to realize selective embolization .…”

Section: Representative Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro/Nanorobotic Swarms: From Fundamentals to Functionalities

Law

Tang

et al. 2023

ACS Nano

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Swarms, which stem from collective behaviors among individual elements, are commonly seen in nature. Since two decades ago, scientists have been attempting to understand the principles of natural swarms and leverage them for creating artificial swarms. To date, the underlying physics; techniques for actuation, navigation, and control; fieldgeneration systems; and a research community are now in place. This Review reviews the fundamental principles and applications of micro/ nanorobotic swarms. The generation mechanisms of the emergent collective behaviors among the micro/nanoagents identified over the past two decades are elucidated. The advantages and drawbacks of different techniques, existing control systems, major challenges, and potential prospects of micro/nanorobotic swarms are discussed.

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Section: Representative Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro/Nanorobotic Swarms: From Fundamentals to Functionalities

Law

Tang

et al. 2023

ACS Nano

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“…So far, soft microrobots with stimuli-responsive characteristics mainly react to three stimuli: temperature, [129,130] light, [63,131] and pH. [132] Constructed with stimuli-responsive soft materials, soft microrobots can provide timely feedback to the corresponding stimuli through controllable deformation and body recovery, achieving different functional needs, such as efficient motion, cargo capturing and release, drug delivery et al The representative stimuli-responsive soft materials used for soft microrobots include poly (N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAM), [69] liquid crystal elastics (LCEs), [32,133] alginate, acrylic acid (AA), [132] acryloyl 6-aminocaproic acid (A6ACA), [134] and poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (pHEMA). [135]…”

Section: Stimuli-responsive Soft Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[154] Their pH-responsiveness is generally based on the protonation/deprotonation of functional groups. With the use of pH-responsive materials, such as Alginate, [155] AA, [132,156] A6ACA, [134] and pHEMA [135] , soft microrobots have been used for applications like responsive actuation [157] and drug delivery. [78,135] Alginate, AA, and A6ACA exhibit pH-responsive behavior due to the protonation and deprotonation of their carboxyl groups.…”

Section: Ph-responsive Soft Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Soft Microrobots: Material, Fabrication, and Actuation

Ye,

Zhou,

Zhao

et al. 2023

Advanced Intelligent Systems

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Microrobots have shown great potential in many applications, such as non‐invasive surgery, tissue engineering, precision medicine, and environmental remediation. Within the past decade, soft microrobot has become one of the important branches. It is aimed to create soft and deformable microrobots with high bioaffinity, which can perform complex tasks noninvasively in inaccessible small spaces in the body. Herein, the latest research progress of soft microrobots regarding the three cornerstones of this field is reviewed: material, fabrication, and actuation. First, various materials that are used for the fabrication of soft microrobots are summarized, and their characteristics and functions are discussed. Second, various fabrication methods of soft microrobots are introduced, and their applicability to different materials is discussed. Third, the actuation methods of soft microrobots are discussed, as well as their pros, cons, and adaptability. Moreover, the outstanding behaviors of soft microrobots in biomedical and environmental applications are introduced with some typical examples published recently. Finally, current clinical use challenges of soft microrobots are pointed out, and their intelligentization is proposed and discussed for further innovative development.

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“…Swarming of microrobots offers signi cant advantages in terms of locomotion and enhanced imaging contrast (Jin et al, 2023 . A single unit in the swarm is also hydrodynamically enhanced by the neighboring units; therefore, swarming could potentially be useful to overcome hydrodynamic barriers encountered by microrobots Bozuyuk et al, 2021;Bozuyuk, Ozturk, & Sitti, 2023a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Swarming magnetic surface microrollers enable directed locomotion in circular confinements

Bozuyuk

Han

Sitti

2023

Preprint

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Microrobots are always envisioned to operate in confined spaces in the human body or microfluidic chips. Among the various microrobotic platforms, magnetic surface microrollers have emerged as versatile option due to their robust locomotion and ease of fabrication. Still, the locomotion of spherical magnetic surface microrollers is challenging in confinements as their rotational flows severely impede their translational locomotion. Particularly, their locomotion in circular confinements presents an even greater challenge, as their translational direction reverses when they function as individual microrollers. Nevertheless, their locomotion dynamics could differ whether they travel as a single or swarming unit. Swarming, in general, is known to render hydrodynamic advantages to microrobots which could also be useful for surface microrollers to locomote in confined spaces. Here, we investigated the locomotion of swarming microrollers in circular confined spaces in a computational fluid dynamics environment. We observed that a group of microrollers can locomote in desired translational locomotion direction, while a single microroller performs reverse locomotion. Furthermore, we performed a showcase experiment demonstrating the observed effect in computational fluid dynamics simulations. In summary, our research outcomes offer a profound understanding of the underlying physical mechanisms that govern the locomotion of surface microrollers.

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Swarming self-adhesive microgels enabled aneurysm on-demand embolization in physiological blood flow

Cited by 44 publications

References 55 publications

Micro/Nanorobotic Swarms: From Fundamentals to Functionalities

Micro/Nanorobotic Swarms: From Fundamentals to Functionalities

A Review of Soft Microrobots: Material, Fabrication, and Actuation

Swarming magnetic surface microrollers enable directed locomotion in circular confinements

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