Swab and aspiration specimen collection methods and antibiogram in chronic suppurative otitis media at Jos University Teaching Hospital: Which is superior?

Adoga, AS; Ma'an, En; Malu, D; Badung, BP; Obiesie, IV; Nwaorgu, O G B

doi:10.4103/1596-3519.70961

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…Pus swab from discharging ears were collected using swab techniques by cotton–wool at the microbiology laboratory (Adoga et al 2010). Ear discharge samples were inoculated on MacConkey agar, Blood agar, Mannitol Salt agar and Chocolate agar (Oxoid, UK).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Otitis media is the inflammation of the middle ear cleft and the tympanum with otorrhoea lasting from 2 weeks to more than 3 months, with permanent perforation mainly caused by bacteria (Adoga et al 2010; Mesfin and Muluken 2014). Ear infection may be acute or chronic purulent type (Wasihun and Zemene 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the developed world like United States of America (USA) and Europe, it is declining because of awareness; but in developing countries, it is on the rise (Adoga et al 2010). In developing countries untreated otitis media leads to purulent otitis often with perforation and further complications including recurrent acute otitis media, persistence of middle ear effusion which requires the insertion of drainage tube and often leads to hearing impairment, mastoiditis, meningitis, chronic otitis media, brain abscess and sepsis (Seid et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pathogenic bacteria profile and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of ear infection at Bahir Dar Regional Health Research Laboratory Center, Ethiopia

et al. 2016

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Ear infection linked with frequent antibiotic prescription, hearing impairment, severe disability and death is a public health threat in developing countries. However, there is scarcity of documented data in the study area. Therefore, this study aimed at determining bacterial etiologic agents and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns among patients of all age groups referred to Bahir Dar Regional Health Research Laboratory Center. Retrospective data recorded on culture and antimicrobial susceptibility profile were retrieved for analysis. Pus swabs from discharging ears collected and processed for aerobic bacteria culture and susceptibility testing. Of the total 368 pus swab samples processed, 296 (80.4 %) were culture positive. Of which, 289 (97.6 %) were bacteria and 7 (2.4 %) were yeast cells. The proportion of ear infection was higher in males (92.7 %) than females (65 %) (P = 0.014). The frequency of ear infection below 21 years of age was 65.2 %. The predominant isolate was Pseudomonas aeruginosa (29.7 %) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (26.3 %) and Proteus spp. (21.9 %). High level of antimicrobial resistance rates were observed for amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ampicillin and penicillin whereas ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, chloramphenicol, cotrimoxazole, gentamicin and amikacin were found effective against the isolated bacteria. Aerobic bacterial otitis media linked with high levels of resistance against amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and ampicillin is major health problem in the study area. Moreover, considerable level of oxacillin resistant S. aureus suggests the diffusion of methicillin resistant S. aureus in the community. Therefore, treatment of otitis media in the study area needs to be guided by antibiotic susceptibility testing of isolates.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pathogenic bacteria profile and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of ear infection at Bahir Dar Regional Health Research Laboratory Center, Ethiopia

et al. 2016

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“…The pinna was pulled outward and backward, after which the sterile swab stick was gently introduced into the external auditory meatus and then gently rotated and taken out. [8] 2) Tympanostomy tube The TTs were removed using the crocodile forceps under complete aseptic conditions and collected in sterile containers. [8] Methods: A-For each T.T the following were done: 1-Maki's semiquantitative culture [9] : which consists of rolling the TT back and forth on surface of nutrient agar plate, incubated at 37ºC aerobically for 24 hrs, The TT was then placed back in a dry sterile tube and held for acridine orange staining.…”

Section: Samples: 1) Ear Dischargementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[8] 2) Tympanostomy tube The TTs were removed using the crocodile forceps under complete aseptic conditions and collected in sterile containers. [8] Methods: A-For each T.T the following were done: 1-Maki's semiquantitative culture [9] : which consists of rolling the TT back and forth on surface of nutrient agar plate, incubated at 37ºC aerobically for 24 hrs, The TT was then placed back in a dry sterile tube and held for acridine orange staining. [10] : in which the TT was first fixed at 56 C for 2 minutes in a dry incubator, then immersed in AO staining solution for 3-5 minutes, rinsed with water, drained and air dried.…”

Section: Samples: 1) Ear Dischargementioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Bacterial Biofilm in Refractory Post Tympanostomy Tube Otorrhea

Fayomy¹,

Tabl²,

Hashem³

2012

EJMM

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Background/Aim: Bacterial biofilm formation has been implicated in the high rate of refractory otorrhea after tympanostomy tube (TT) insertion. The aim of the work was to assess the role of bacterial biofilm in refractory posttympanostomy tube otorrhea (PTTO) and to determine the types of bacteria that grow on the surface of the TT and their pattern of antibiotic susceptibility. Subjects & Methods: The study was carried out on 40 patients (22 males and 18 females) with TT insertion for treatment of secretory otitis media. Their ages were ranged from 5-13 years with mean of 9.2 ± 2.19 years. Patients are followed up with continuous ENT examination for about 12 months after the TT insertion and then patients were classified into two groups: group1(n=24): the patients not developed PTTO and group 2 (n=16): the patients developed PTTO. Patients of group 2 were treated with local ear drops of antibiotic /corticosteroid combination (ciprocort). According to the results after treatment, group 2 was classified into two subgroups: group 2a (n=4): patients responded to treatment and group 2b (n=12): patients not responded to treatment. From each patient of group 2b, a swab was taken from the external canal and examined bacteriologically and the TT was removed and examined for detection of the bacterial biofilm by two methods (semiquantitative culture and Acridine Orange (AO) staining).The organisms isolated from tube culture were identified by the standard bacteriological methods, tested for antibiotic sensitivity and examined for slime (biofilm) production by two methods: Congo red agar (CRA) plate method and tube method. Results: There were no significant differences between the studied groups as regard age or sex distribution of the patients (P>0.05). Out of the 12 cases of PTTO, only 9 were positive by tube culture and S.aureus was the most frequently isolated organism (55.6%) followed by P.aeuroginosa (44.4%). 60% of the isolated S.aureus and 50% of the isolated P.aeuroginosa were multidrug resistant against most antibiotics used. When comparing AO staining with the semiquantitative tube culture, the AO staining had poor sensitivity and specificity (77.8 % and 66.7 % respectively). Only 8 out of 9 isolated strains were biofilm producer as detected by CRA method whereas only 7 were positive as detected by tube method. There was a very good agreement between the two methods.

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