“…The prediction technique employed in this study is based on machine learning. The existing popular research methods in machine learning include the GA-BP neural network model, Grey neural network model, BP neural network, extreme learning machine, support vector machine, artificial neural network, grid search algorithm, a gradient boosting decision tree, and generative time intervals imputation network (Huang et al, 2019;Tan et al, 2019;Arshad et al, 2021;Kim et al, 2021;Wang et al, 2022a;Liu et al, 2022;Weng and German Paal, 2022). However, the existing prediction methods are only applicable to data features with a single data quantity or evident data characteristic.…”