“…(1) In the tested speed range, owing to the Doppler effect, the maximum value of network delay increases with the vehicle driving speed, reaching a maximum of 30 ms, which is in line with the international standard for vehicle-vehicle communication delay (less than 100 ms) [26] and can satisfy the demand for real-time network performance in a car-following environment. (2) As the speed of the test vehicle increased, the standard deviation of the data transmission delay increased slightly, indicating that the stability of the network was related to the speed of the vehicle (the faster the speed, the more unstable the network), but within reasonable limits.…”
Currently, there is limited research in the field of micro-scale foggy weather highway lane-change driving assistance systems. This study focuses on the development of a lane-change driving assistance system for vehicles on foggy highways. The system is designed to address the need for lane changes in various scenarios, such as lane number variations, vehicle malfunctions, and vehicle departure from the highway, which are commonly encountered during foggy weather conditions on highways. According to the development trend of the high-precision BeiDou positioning system and electronic map, a lane positioning technology based on vertical iterative methods for lane changes of vehicles driving on foggy highways that relies on V2V technology to study the safe distance of lane changing, in addition to lane-changing warning rules, is proposed; the network performance of the system was tested through a physical design. The experimental results show that the network performance of the system is stable when driving on a foggy highway, with low latency (below 30 ms) and high data throughput (above 550 kb/s at a 300 m communication distance) ensuring fast and effective sending and receiving of information on vehicle driving status. This study can improve the capacity of vehicles on foggy highways and achieve the purpose of “less speed reduction, less road closure”.
“…(1) In the tested speed range, owing to the Doppler effect, the maximum value of network delay increases with the vehicle driving speed, reaching a maximum of 30 ms, which is in line with the international standard for vehicle-vehicle communication delay (less than 100 ms) [26] and can satisfy the demand for real-time network performance in a car-following environment. (2) As the speed of the test vehicle increased, the standard deviation of the data transmission delay increased slightly, indicating that the stability of the network was related to the speed of the vehicle (the faster the speed, the more unstable the network), but within reasonable limits.…”
Currently, there is limited research in the field of micro-scale foggy weather highway lane-change driving assistance systems. This study focuses on the development of a lane-change driving assistance system for vehicles on foggy highways. The system is designed to address the need for lane changes in various scenarios, such as lane number variations, vehicle malfunctions, and vehicle departure from the highway, which are commonly encountered during foggy weather conditions on highways. According to the development trend of the high-precision BeiDou positioning system and electronic map, a lane positioning technology based on vertical iterative methods for lane changes of vehicles driving on foggy highways that relies on V2V technology to study the safe distance of lane changing, in addition to lane-changing warning rules, is proposed; the network performance of the system was tested through a physical design. The experimental results show that the network performance of the system is stable when driving on a foggy highway, with low latency (below 30 ms) and high data throughput (above 550 kb/s at a 300 m communication distance) ensuring fast and effective sending and receiving of information on vehicle driving status. This study can improve the capacity of vehicles on foggy highways and achieve the purpose of “less speed reduction, less road closure”.
“…After adapting the requirements of different state-of-the-art communication protocols, the proposed methodological approach can be widely used in the automotive security evaluation domain. An important advantage of the proposed method that it is in accordance with the most relevant security evaluation models (TARA, C-SIL, EVITA, Heaven [12,13,15,23,25]). On the other hand, the newly introduced approach considers the Secureby-design concept principles (e.g., network segmentation, making compromise and disruption difficult).…”
This article investigates cybersecurity issues related to in-vehicle communication networks. In-vehicle communication network security is evaluated based on the protection characteristics of the network components and the topology of the network. The automotive communication network topologies are represented as undirected weighted graphs, and their vulnerability is estimated based on the specific characteristics of the generated graph. Thirteen different vehicle models have been investigated to compare the vulnerability levels of the in-vehicle network using the Dijkstra's shortest route algorithm. An important advantage of the proposed method is that it is in accordance with the most relevant security evaluation models. On the other hand, the newly introduced approach considers the Secure-by-Design concept principles.
“…In addition, communications regarding vehicular energy trading are performed on wireless channels, which can be exposed to various threats by attackers, such as impersonation attacks, replay attacks, and man-in-the-middle attacks. If the personal information is leaked to a malicious attacker, the attacker can conjecture the home, workplace, and hobbies of the driver [16][17][18]. Therefore, a secure authentication protocol is necessary.…”
As the usage of electric vehicles (EVs) expands, various energy management technologies, including battery energy storage systems, are being developed to efficiently charge EVs using various energy sources. In recent years, many blockchain-based energy trading schemes have been proposed for secure energy trading. However, existing schemes cannot fully solve privacy issues and security problems during energy trading. In this paper, we propose a reliable and privacy-preserving vehicular energy trading scheme utilizing decentralized identifier technology. In the proposed scheme, identity information and trading result information are not revealed publicly; this is due to the use of decentralized identifiers and verifiable credential technologies. Additionally, only parties who have successfully conducted energy trading can manage complete transaction information. We also demonstrate our method’s security and ensure privacy preservation by performing informal and formal security analyses. Furthermore, we analyze the performance and security features of the proposed scheme and related works and show that the proposed scheme has competitive performance.
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