Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reaction with Potassium Aryltrifluoroborate in Pure Water Using Recyclable Nanoparticle Catalyst

Abstract

This paper describes the Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling reaction of aryl bromides with potassium aryltrifluoroborates in water catalyzed by linear polystyrene-stabilized PdO nanoparticles (PS-PdONPs). The reaction of aryl bromides having electron withdrawing groups or electron donating groups took place smoothly to give the corresponding coupling product in high yields. The catalyst recycles five times without significant loss of catalytic activity although a little bit increase in size of Pd NPs was observed after the reaction.

Metal-Free Synthesis of Guanidines from Thioureas in Water Reactions Mediated by Visible Light

“…In recent years, water has been used as an alternative solvent in organic synthesis to reduce organic solvent usage because it is nontoxic, inexpensive, and easy to operate, providing a low E-factor process. 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 Fokin and Sharpless were the first to report that an organic reaction can occur on-water, producing α,β-hydroxyamino acids from unsaturated carboxylic acids. 41 Even though on-water reactions are considered green media, the heterogeneous system causes limitations of some substrates and catalysts due to solubility.…”