Sustained-Release Potassium Chloride Overdose

Su, Mark; Stork, Christine M.; Ravuri, Sreenivas; Lavoie, Tom; Anguish, Deborah; Nelson, Lewis S.; Hoffman, Robert S.

doi:10.1081/clt-100108499

Cited by 32 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Potassium is known to be the most abundant cation in plant cells and plays essential roles in maintaining the membrane potential and ion homeostasis, and in enzyme activation, signal transduction, and many other physiological processes. 18 Potassium was reported to lower blood pressure and reduces salt sensitivity. 19,20 Research also suggested its effect on the structure and mechanical function of the heart, which can lead to improvements in many cardiovascular risk factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the inorganic composition and short term effect of aqueous extracts of root, pod, and stem of Telfairia occidentalis on some hematological parameters in rats

Ogbonnaya

Uadia

2016

Asian J Med Sci

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Aims and Objectives:This study is to investigate the inorganic composition and the effect of fourteen (14) -day oral administration of aqueous extracts of root, pod and stem of Telfairia occidentalis in rats.Materials and Methods: Plant samples were analyzed for K, P, Mg, Ca, S, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb, and Crusing atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). Wister rats of both sexes were assigned to sixteen (16) groups of 4 animals per group. Different animal groups received distilled water and root, stem, and pod extracts at the doses of 250, 750, 1500, 2250, and 3000mg/kg of body weight. All animals were treated for 14 days and sacrificed on the 15 th day. Results: The inorganic composition result showed that potassium (K) was the highest in abundance in all the samples (root, pod, and stem), compared to the other mineral elements. The root contained high levels of potassium and manganese; the stem had magnesium, manganese and iron while the pod contained high amount of potassium, manganese and iron. Hematological assay results showed reduction in the values of white blood cell (WBC) count for higher doses of root extract and all doses (except for 1500 mg/kg bw) of pod extract. Platelet count (PLT) was significantly high for root extract at 750 mg/kg bw. The stem extract showed a consistent decrease in the red blood cell (RBC) count for all dose administered. Conclusion: Telfairia occidentalis root, pod, and stem may be good sources of inorganic elements. The extracts have varying effects on hematological parameters which may be dosage-and duration-dependent.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the inorganic composition and short term effect of aqueous extracts of root, pod, and stem of Telfairia occidentalis on some hematological parameters in rats

Ogbonnaya

Uadia

2016

Asian J Med Sci

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“…Under these conditions, stability of K + concentration in the blood plasma could be disturbed unless the consorted counteracting work of the system providing potassium homeostasis in the blood. The experiments with administration of potassium salines in the stomach revealed transient elevation of potassium concentration in the blood followed by rapid excretion of K + by the kidneys [1,8,10]. The mechanism of potassium homeostasis in the blood suggests involvement of insulin known to help potassium entry into the cells in the company with glucose [4].…”

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confidence: 98%

Exenatide enhances kaliuresis under conditions of hyperkalemia

2011

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Experiments on Wistar rats showed that exenatide (0.015-0.5 nmol per 100 g body weight) somewhat increased renal excretion of potassium from 7±1 to 16±1 μmol/h/100 g body weight (p<0.05) in animals with normal serum concentration of glucose (4.6±0.4 mM) and potassium (4.3±0.1 mM). Exenatide dramatically enhanced excretion of potassium under conditions of hyperkalemia (11.4±0.4 mM) produced by intraperitoneal injection of 1.25% KCl solution (5 ml per 100 g body weight). During the first postinjection hour, potassium excretion increased 2-fold and attained 97±11 μmol/h/100 g body weight in comparison with potassium load alone (47±9 μmol/h/100 g body weight, p<0.05). The data attest to a possible role of peptide regulators in normalization of potassium balance via renal mechanisms.

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“…4,5 Another patient received both gastric lavage and WBI. 11 Two received solely WBI. 10,11 Although data suggest that activated charcoal cannot adsorb potassium effectively as it is ionic and small in nature, it may be useful in case of coingestion.…”

Section: -11mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 Two received solely WBI. 10,11 Although data suggest that activated charcoal cannot adsorb potassium effectively as it is ionic and small in nature, it may be useful in case of coingestion. 14,15 Gastric lavage is another option for gastrointestinal decontamination if the drugs are still considered to be remaining in the stomach.…”

Section: -11mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…He had a shorter stay than the first case but it could be due to the lesser amount of potassium taken. 11 Generally speaking, potassium preparations are radioopaque and may be shown up in routine radiography. 20 Although the abdominal X-ray of our patient revealed no radio-opaque drugs, a negative film cannot rule out the diagnosis as radio-opacity varies among the same medication made by different manufacturers and is also affected by the size of the patient, air contrasting the pill and the arrangement of drugs within the stomach.…”

Section: -11mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Case of Slow-Release Potassium Chloride Overdose

Wan¹,

Tong²

2007

Hong Kong Journal of Emergency Medicine

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An 86-year-old gentleman was brought to the emergency department after a massive overdose of slowrelease potassium chloride and indapamide. The initial serum potassium was 6.8 mmol/L. His abdominal X-ray did not reveal any radio-opaque drugs. Whole bowel irrigation was commenced shortly after presentation. There was no rebound of hyperkalaemia and his stay in the acute hospital was short. Slowrelease potassium overdose is uncommonly reported in the medical literature; such poisoning in the elderly has not been reported. Previous case reports are summarised and the management of this uncommon poisoning is discussed. (Hong Kong j.emerg.med. 2007;14:169-173) Case presentationA n 8 6 -ye a r -o l d g e n t l e m a n , w i t h h i s t o r y o f hypertension and regular follow-up in a government outpatient clinic (GOPD), was suspected to have early dementia and was referred to the memory clinic. Currently, he was on indapamide (Natrilix) 2.5 mg daily and slow-release potassium chloride (Slow-K, 600 mg or 8 mmol per tablet) 2 tablets per day. In March 2007, he was followed up three days before attending our department and was given a total of 41 tablets of Natrilix and 82 tablets of Slow-K. One day before attending our department, his daughterin-law found that only a few tablets of the drugs were left. He was brought to the GOPD and was immediately referred to our department. He was estimated to have ingested at least 30 tablets of

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Sustained-Release Potassium Chloride Overdose

Cited by 32 publications

References 15 publications

Determination of the inorganic composition and short term effect of aqueous extracts of root, pod, and stem of Telfairia occidentalis on some hematological parameters in rats

Determination of the inorganic composition and short term effect of aqueous extracts of root, pod, and stem of Telfairia occidentalis on some hematological parameters in rats

Exenatide enhances kaliuresis under conditions of hyperkalemia

A Case of Slow-Release Potassium Chloride Overdose

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