Sustained municipal waste management models in Russian megapolicies through utilizing waste-to-energy technologies

Abstract

St. Petersburg, as the second most important Russian city in Russia is facing with waste related problems which requires taking immediate actions. The excessive diurnal volume of municipal waste generation and insufficient waste management system ring the bells to warn the decision makers. Focusing on problems, insufficiencies and opportunities of the waste management system, the paper goes through the evaluation of details of the dominant situation in St. Petersburg and two models are introduced to improve the system. At the end, an estimation of biofuel, heat and electricity generation will be provided for four incineration facility installments with design capacity of each 315,000 tons of waste per day. It will be shown that the contributing share of bioconversion processes is significant and an acceptable portion of 8% of annual electricity consumption can be supplied via those processes as well as production of 477 million liters of ethanol.

Impact of magnetic field on electrochemistry of heavy metals removal processes by duckweed (lemna)

“…The main sources of pollution of natural waters with heavy metals (HM) are wastewater (WW) of galvanic shops, mining enterprises, ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, machinebuilding plants. Most of the known methods of sewage purification are expensive, difficult to perform, they focus on imported equipment and scarce reagents [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Recently industrially developed countries started to introduce the technology of clearing wastewaters, contaminated with heavy metals, with the help of higher water plants (HWP), called phytoremediation.…”

Sorption properties of materials based on residual biomass

“…Microalgae are intensively used in various branches of the national economy, for example as additives for livestock, materials for biologically active additives, phytosorbents for wastewater purification and so on [1][2][3][4][5]. It is known from literature that microalgae biomass contains cellulose as the major component (23.5%), starch, hemicelluloses, chitin-and pectine-like substances.…”

Methodical approaches to energy supply with usage of renewable energy sources on objects of transport infrastructure of federal importance

“…Nowadays large-scale projects using various energy-supply schemes are actively implemented in Russia and in a number of foreign countries. The statistics shows that there are many problems related to efficiency and reliability of energy supply (including that using alternative energy sources) of large transport objects, including bridges [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13].…”