Sustainably Recycling and Upcycling of Single-Use Plastic Wastes through Heterogeneous Catalysis

Abstract

The huge amount of plastic waste has caused a series of environmental and economic problems. Depolymerization of these wastes and their conversion into desired chemicals have been regarded as a promising route for dealing with these issues, which strongly relies on catalysis for C-C and C-O bond cleavage and selective transformation. Here, we reviewed recent developments in catalysis systems for dealing with single-use plastics, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyethylene glycol terephthalate. The recycling processes of depolymerization into original monomers and conversion into other economic-incentive chemicals were systemically discussed. Rational designs of catalysts for efficient conversion were particularly highlighted. Overall, improving the tolerance of catalysts to impurities in practical plastics, reducing the economic cost during the catalytic depolymerization process, and trying to obtain gaseous hydrogen from plastic wastes are suggested as the developing trends in this field.

Design of 2D nanomaterials (photo-)electrocatalysts for biomass valorization coupled with H2 production

“…139 To this end, reactive elements recycling, as well as sustained performance regeneration of the aging catalyst are essential for environmental and economic relevance, which is however limited by not only high cost, but also high energy consumption. [140][141][142][143] Notably, the lifespan of 2D nanomaterial-based (photo-)electrocatalysts can be extended in more eco-friendly modes, 144,145 like employing green synthesis method (e.g. grinding, milling, and laserassisted methods) or electrochemical activation approach.…”