Sustainable Wastewater Treatment via Dye–Surfactant Interaction: A Critical Review

Abstract

Dye containing industrial effluent streams are a cause of major environmental concerns, especially those which are not easily biodegradable. Many techniques have been developed to remove dyes from the waste stream; however, most of them suffer from a weakness of efficiency and effectiveness when an attempt is made for industrial implementation. A recently developed dye removal method using surfactants offers the benefits of high removal efficiency, ease of waste disposal, scope of efficient recovery, and the use of nontoxic and less harmful reagents. This review aims to contribute to this growing area by summarizing the mechanisms of dye−surfactant interactions and investigating the influence of different process parameters such as pH, concentration of surfactants, dyes, and electrolytes, temperature, etc. on the efficiency of the method. The review also attempts to present future research scopes of these techniques with a critical analysis of industrial applicability.

Nanocellulose Coupled 2D Graphene Nanostructures: Emerging Paradigm for Sustainable Functional Applications

“…Therefore, it is necessary to have an understanding of these adsorption tools which shape the most proper adsorption equilibrium in order to find out new superabsorptive materials. 309,310 Adsorption isotherms are important for finding the adsorption mechanisms and surface morphology, and essentially illustrates the interaction between adsorbate (pollutants) molecules and adsorbent materials. Several adsorption isotherm models have been proposed, and the best fit of adsorption data in any of these models determines the isotherm of the system.…”

Cellulose-Based Hydrogels for Wastewater Treatment: A Concise Review

“…Water is the most abundant natural resource on the planet; however, only about 3% of current water reserves are freshwater, while less than one-third of this freshwater is usable for different household, agricultural, and industrial activities [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. While water demand enormously increases, the availability of freshwater is being exhausted because of an escalation in pollution, thus causing water scarcity for modern civilization [ 4 , 5 ].…”

A Biocompatible, pH-Sensitive, and Magnetically Separable Superparamagnetic Hydrogel Nanocomposite as an Efficient Platform for the Removal of Cationic Dyes in Wastewater Treatment

“…Currently, various technologies are available and applied for the removal of dyes from wastewater, including coagulation/flocculation, photocatalysis, ultrafiltration, biosorption, Fenton-biological treatment, oxidation, and adsorption. 4 , 14 Among various dye removal strategies, adsorption is considered to be the simplest and best because of its low cost, ease of operation, high efficiency, regeneration, insensitivity to toxic substances, and lack of secondary pollution. 15 , 16 In addition to the choice of removal strategies, designing a low-cost, eco-friendly, and more efficient adsorbent is another critical aspect of water remediation.…”