Sustainable Viticulture on Traditional ‘Baran’ Training System in Eastern Turkey

Abstract

Erzincan plain is one of the most fascinating regions in Turkey for plant biodiversity. The area is very rich in terms of gene, species and ecosystem diversity. Having a number of natural habitats, mountains, etc., the region is one of the richest regions in Turkey for plant endemism as well. In northern parts of the region, in particular in Üzümlü, Bayırbağ and Pişkidağ districts, grape production dominates agriculture production and the famous ‘Karaerik’ grape cultivar has been cultivated for a long time on the very special traditional ‘Baran’ training system to avoid cold damage that occurs in winter months. The cultivar is harvested between 1 September and 1 October according to altitude in the region. The cultivar is well known in Turkey and there is a great demand for this cultivar in Turkey due to its perfect berry characteristics. In this study, yield, marketable product, cluster weight, cluster form, organic acids, specific sugars and sensory characteristics of the ‘Karaerik’ grape cultivar grown in three altitudes (1200 m a.s.l., 1400 m a.s.l. and 1600 m a.s.l., respectively) in Üzümlü district were investigated. For each altitude, grape clusters were sampled from ten vineyards and an average sample was formed. Marketable product, cluster weight, cluster form, organic acids and specific sugars were determined on those samples. Yield was determined as per decare. Sensory characteristics of samples were determined by five expert panelists. Results showed that the cluster weight was the highest in lower altitude and increasing altitude formed a more conical cluster form compared to winged cylindrical clusters at lower altitudes. The highest yield (740 kg per decare) was obtained in 1200 m a.s.l. and was followed by 1400 m a.s.l. (682 kg per decare) and 1600 m a.s.l. (724 kg per decare), respectively. Altitude strongly affected sugar and organic acid composition and ratio in berries of the ‘Karaerik’ grape. Fructose and tartaric acid were the main sugar and organic acid at all altitudes and were found between 10.04–14.02 g/100 g and 2.17–3.66 g/100 g, respectively. Sensory scores were also the highest at lower altitudes and decreased parallel to altitude increase.

A multi-locus genome-wide association study reveals the genetics underlying muscadine antioxidant in berry skin

“…Muscadine grapes are gained more popularity recently with their distinctive flavor and aroma properties and are an important source of essential oils, vitamins, minerals, fiber, nutraceutical compounds, and antioxidants ( Olien, 1990 ; Ector et al, 1996 ; Pastrana-Bonilla et al, 2003 ; Yilmaz and Toledo, 2004 ; Stringer et al, 2009 ; Alkan et al, 2021 ; Kupe et al, 2021 ; Taskesenlioglu et al, 2022 ). In particular, the health benefits of muscadine grapes due to phenolic compounds were reported for anticancer ( Hudson et al, 2007 ), anti-cardiovascular diseases ( Mellen et al, 2010 ), and anti-microbial ( Xu et al, 2014 ) effects.…”

Effect of Pathogenic Fungal Infestation on the Berry Quality and Volatile Organic Compounds of Cabernet Sauvignon and Petit Manseng Grapes

“…Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) is one of the oldest horticultural plants in the world that existed since prehistoric times and have survived to the present day (Aşçi et al, 2021;Taskesenlioglu et al, 2022). This species, apart from being one of the most extensively cultivated fruit trees in the world due to its rich biochemical content, is also a fascinating subject for history and evolutionary studies (Kupe et al, 2021). The grape has also been the source of not only nutrition but also of beliefs and symbols in people's daily lives throughout history.…”

Quality Attributes Prediction of Flame Seedless Grape Clusters Based on Nutritional Status Employing Multiple Linear Regression Technique

“…The grapevine (Vitis vinifera L., Vitaceae) is grown under a wide range of soil and climatic conditions, namely, hot tropical, sub-tropical and temperate regions [1][2][3]. Most of the world's viticulture regions are located between the latitudes of 40 • and 50 • N in the northern hemisphere and between the latitudes of 30 • and 40 • S in the southern hemisphere and are known as temperate climatic belts [1,4]. Grapevine represents the most popular fruit crop in the world [5,6], the first major deciduous fruit crop in Egypt, and is ranked second position amongst the fruit crop trees, following citrus [7].…”