Sustainable recovery of nickel from spent hydrogenation catalyst: economics, emissions and wastes assessment

Yang, Qifen; Qi, Guo-Jun; Löw, Helga; Song, Bin

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2010.11.007

Cited by 37 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Based on the above information, along with a more conservative assumption of $3/lb reclamation cost, our cost calculations for an averaged precious metal based catalyst (average cost of precious metal based catalysts in Table 3 is $166/lb) show that a 65 % cost recovery from precious metal reclamation is easily feasible for a catalyst that costs $166/lb (our assumed base case catalyst cost for reactor #2, see Table 2). The percent cost recovery from low-cost catalysts is dependent on the cost of the metal components, as shown specifically for a Ni-based catalyst [55]; we assume no cost recovery for the $12/lb (averaged unit catalyst cost as shown in Table 2) catalyst in reactor #1. Impacts of uncertainties in this area are quantified later through a sensitivity analysis.…”

Section: Catalyst Maintenance and Metal Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptual Process Design and Techno-Economic Assessment of Ex Situ Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass: A Fixed Bed Reactor Implementation Scenario for Future Feasibility

Dutta

Schaidle

Humbird³

et al. 2015

Top Catal

103

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Ex situ catalytic fast pyrolysis of biomass is a promising route for the production of fungible liquid biofuels. There is significant ongoing research on the design and development of catalysts for this process. However, there are a limited number of studies investigating process configurations and their effects on biorefinery economics. Herein we present a conceptual process design with techno-economic assessment; it includes the production of upgraded bio-oil via fixed bed ex situ catalytic fast pyrolysis followed by final hydroprocessing to hydrocarbon fuel blendstocks. This study builds upon previous work using fluidized bed systems, as detailed in a recent design report led by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL/ TP-5100-62455); overall yields are assumed to be similar, and are based on enabling future feasibility. Assuming similar yields provides a basis for easy comparison and for studying the impacts of areas of focus in this study, namely, fixed bed reactor configurations and their catalyst development requirements, and the impacts of an inline hot gas filter. A comparison with the fluidized bed system shows that there is potential for higher capital costs and lower catalyst costs in the fixed bed system, leading to comparable overall costs. The key catalyst requirement is to enable the effective transformation of highly oxygenated biomass into hydrocarbons products with properties suitable for blending into current fuels. Potential catalyst materials are discussed, along with their suitability for deoxygenation, hydrogenation and C-C coupling chemistry. This chemistry is necessary during pyrolysis vapor upgrading for improved bio-oil quality, which enables efficient downstream hydroprocessing; C-C coupling helps increase the proportion of diesel/jet fuel range product. One potential benefit of fixed bed upgrading over fluidized bed upgrading is catalyst flexibility, providing greater control over chemistry and product composition. Since this study is based on future projections, the impacts of uncertainties in the underlying assumptions are quantified via sensitivity analysis. This analysis indicates that catalyst researchers should prioritize by: carbon efficiency [ catalyst cost [ catalyst lifetime, after initially testing for basic operational feasibility.

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Section: Catalyst Maintenance and Metal Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptual Process Design and Techno-Economic Assessment of Ex Situ Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass: A Fixed Bed Reactor Implementation Scenario for Future Feasibility

Dutta

Schaidle

Humbird³

et al. 2015

Top Catal

103

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“…As it has been previously sustained, biotechnological methods may represent a promising alternative for the treatment of spent catalysts (Noori-Felegari, et al, 2014), due to important microbial properties, like their ability to survive and adapt to elevated metal concentrations, and also to transform solid non-essential metals into soluble and extractable elements that could be recovered (Yang, Qi, Low & Song, 2011;Sahu, Agrawal & Mishra, 2013). In this regard, research has also been performed to develop bio-approaches for the mining industry.…”

Section: Microbiological Approaches For the Treatment Of Spent Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enfoques microbiológicos para el tratamiento de catalizadores agotados

Rivas-Castillo

Rojas-Avelizapa

2020

TIP RECQB

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Los catalizadores, homogéneos o heterogéneos, son ampliamente utilizados para una gran variedad de procesos industriales, con el fin de producir combustibles limpios y muchos otros productos valiosos, siendo los catalizadores agotados provenientes del hidroprocesamiento los mayores residuos sólidos de la industria de la refinería y la contribución principal a la generación de catalizadores agotados. Debido a su naturaleza peligrosa, el tratamiento y la recuperación de metales de este tipo de residuos han ganado cada vez más importancia, debido al agotamiento de los recursos naturales y a la contaminación ambiental. Aunque ya existen técnicas disponibles para estos fines, éstas generan grandes volúmenes de desechos potencialmente peligrosos y producen emisiones de gases nocivos. Por lo tanto, las técnicas biotecnológicas pueden representar una alternativa promisoria para el biotratamiento y la recuperación de metales contenidos en los catalizadores agotados. Con este fin, se han analizado diversos microorganismos, que comprenden bacterias, arqueobacterias y hongos, capacitados para facilitar la eliminación de losmetales contenidos en estoscatalizadores. En estarevisión se presenta un amplio escenario sobre los avances con respecto al manejo de los catalizadores agotados y su tratamiento tradicional, seguido de una descripción detallada sobre los enfoques microbiológicos reportados hasta la actualidad.

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“…Kjaerheim (2005) proposes the Norwegian method for Cleaner Production alongside Greening of the Supply chain, as a route towards sustainability, whilst Almeida et al (2010), Ravichandran et al (2011) and Yang et al (2011) provide a variety of tools, techniques and technologies to prevent and minimize waste across various key material streams. Seadon (2010) reports on attempts to systematise waste management knowledge in order to achieve greater sophistication, suggesting what a sustainable waste management system must do, without saying how the system should do it.…”

Section: Theory Of Waste In Manufacturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introducing the All Seeing Eye of Business: a model for understanding the nature, impact and potential uses of waste

Bautista-Lazo

Short

2013

Journal of Cleaner Production

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Sustainable recovery of nickel from spent hydrogenation catalyst: economics, emissions and wastes assessment

Cited by 37 publications

References 22 publications

Conceptual Process Design and Techno-Economic Assessment of Ex Situ Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass: A Fixed Bed Reactor Implementation Scenario for Future Feasibility

Conceptual Process Design and Techno-Economic Assessment of Ex Situ Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass: A Fixed Bed Reactor Implementation Scenario for Future Feasibility

Enfoques microbiológicos para el tratamiento de catalizadores agotados

Introducing the All Seeing Eye of Business: a model for understanding the nature, impact and potential uses of waste

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