Sustainable Rabbit Skin Glue to Produce Bioactive Nanofibers for Nonactive Wound Dressings

Abstract

This paper assessed the collagen glue (Col) from rabbit skin for use as a raw material in combination with different water-based dispersants of antimicrobial agents such as ZnO NPs, TiO2 NPs doped with nitrogen and Ag NPs (TiO2-N-Ag NPs), and chitosan (CS) for the production of biocompatible and antimicrobial nanofibers. The electrospun nanofibers were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), attenuated total reflectance in conjunction with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FT-IR) analyses and antioxidant activity. The biocompatibility of electrospun nanofibers was investigated on cell lines of mouse fibroblast NCTC ((clone L929) using MTT test assays. Antimicrobial activity was performed against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and Candida albicans pathogenic fungus. Electrospun antimicrobial nanofibers based on collagen glue achieved reduction in the number of viable microorganisms against both fungi and bacteria and exhibited multiple inhibitory actions of fungal and bacterial strains. The electrospun nanofibers showed average dimension sizes in the range of 30–160 nm. The results indicated that both Col/TiO2-N-Ag NPs and Col/CS formulations are suitable for cell proliferation and may be useful for producing of nonactive wound dressings.

Sustainable Coated Nanostructures Based on Alginate and Electrospun Collagen Loaded with Antimicrobial Agents

“…In addition, improved biological properties were also reported for alginate/nanoTiO 2 composite scaffolds, suggesting their use for tissue engineering applications [61]. In a recent study, Matei et al (2020) reported the fabrication of electrospun nanofibers based on collagen glue from rabbit skin (Col) and different antimicrobial agents, such as ZnO NPs, TiO 2 NPs doped with nitrogen, Ag NPs and chitosan (CS) in order to be used as nonactive wound dressings. In vitro cell culture tests demonstrated a concentration-dependent cytotoxicity after exposure to L929 murine fibroblasts, with Col/TiO 2 -N-Ag NPs and Col/CS formulations showing a good biocompatibility on the entire range of tested concentrations (100-1000 µg/mL) and Col/ZnO NPs exhibiting a cytotoxic effect at concentrations higher than 500 µg/mL [45].…”

“…Collagen glue (Col) dispersion was obtained according to our previous paper [45] by solubilization in distilled water (0.5:1 w/w) and 40% acetic acid.…”

“…In this context, the choice of biomaterials with proper bioactive properties for the production of wound healing is a good strategy. Our team has reported the use of indigenous proteins like collagen extracted from bovine leathers, collagen glue from rabbit skins and keratin from wool sheep [43], in combination with different essential oils [44] or antimicrobial agents [45] for the production of electrospun nanofibers for wound medical dressings, in a circular economy. The antimicrobial biohybrid nanofibers wound dressing is a new class of wound dressings taking the advantages to biomimic the extracellular matrix structure, to be biocompatible and biodegradable, and to have a high surface area able to deliver the antimicrobial agents to the infection zones [46].…”

Additive Manufacturing of Biopolymers for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine: An Overview, Potential Applications, Advancements, and Trends

“…High systemic biocompatibility of PEG and utilisation of biomaterials generated from ECM increase the distribution of cell growth [167]. As a result, the multifunctional wound-care material PEG-based cross-linking hydrogels with good loading components, such as cells, medicines, and peptides, are being developed [168].…”

Bioactive Collagen Hydrolysate-Chitosan/Essential Oil Electrospun Nanofibers Designed for Medical Wound Dressings

“…The disadvantage of these traditional antimicrobial agents is related to antibiotic resistance. The alternative to topical antimicrobial agents is to develop new wound healing materials based on alginate [17], chitosan [6,18], collagen [19], nanocellulose [20], inorganic antimicrobial agents such as zinc oxide [5,21], and plant extracts [22].…”