Sustainable Protected Area Management: The Case of Llancahue, a Highly Valued Periurban Forest in Chile

Moorman, Michelle C.; Donoso, Pablo J.; Moore, Sara; Sink, Scott; Frederick, Doug

doi:10.1080/10549811.2013.803916

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Additionally, more and more private farm land is being sold to large companies for plantations even though native forest in the Caman region is restricted to private properties. In the Lomas del Sol region a similar conversion of land to exotic tree plantations occurred, but the adjacent forest in the Llancahue watershed with some old-growth native forest survived because it was state-owned (Moorman et al 2013b). However, in the 1990s neighboring farmers began to use this forest illegally for livestock grazing and tree cutting (Moorman et al 2013a).…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of small-scale land use on vegetation in the Valdivian Coastal Range (Chile)

et al. 2014

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Today, native vegetation in the Valdivian Coastal Range (VCR) is restricted to areas where small-scale land use dominates resulting in a vegetation mosaic. This study (1) provides a description of the vegetation types (VT) within the vegetation mosaic, (2) identifies land use drivers that lead to either degradation or recovery processes and, (3) attempts to provide an explanation for the vegetation mosaic with a conceptual model. In two regions of the VCR we sampled 102 plots for composition of vegetation and indicators of livestock browsing, timber cutting and coppice forestry. We classified the vegetation using a flexible beta method and Bray-Curtis distance. Diagnostic species were identified by an extended indicator species analysis. The clustering results were visualized in NMDS and recursive partitioning was used to explain variations in the VTs as a function of the land use variables. Differentiating effects were tested using PERMANOVA and a conceptual model for the vegetation dynamics was developed from the results. Four VTs such as (1) extensively grazed non-native grasslands (EGN); (2), closed and semi-closed grazed Ugni and Berberis shrublands; (3) severely impacted evergreen forests; and (4) sparsely disturbed evergreen forests were recognized. The browsing indicators were important for differentiating the VTs. The EGN grasslands were differentiated by having more than 0.075 dung piles/m². Areas with fewer dung piles but direct browsing effects had the greatest impact on vegetation. Forests were preserved when the mean browsing index was equal to or lower than 0.5. The cutting frequency was significant in determining overall floristic composition. We showed that shrublands and evergreen forests within the vegetation mosaic and the result of small-scale farming led to high native forest species richness. This makes the vegetation mosaic especially valuable in a landscape dominated by exotic tree monocultures.Abbreviations: EGN -extensively grazed non-native grasslands, NMDS -non-parametric multidimensional scaling, PERMANOVA -permutational multivariate analysis of variance, SDF -sparsely disturbed evergreen forest, SIE -severely impacted evergreen forests, UBS -closed and semi closed grazed Ugni and Berberis shrublands, VCR -Valdivian Coastal Range, VT -vegetation type.

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Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of small-scale land use on vegetation in the Valdivian Coastal Range (Chile)

et al. 2014

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“…However, achieving old-growth forest functions and services can be attained through promoting old-growth characteristics in young forests [9,23]. Silviculture for restoration of old-growth characteristics should be promoted for some second-growth forests in these landscapes [18,21,57,58]. It is necessary to envision which changes in these characteristics or attributes must be promoted to eventually provide ecosystem services that are associated with old-growth forests.…”

Section: Implications For Management and Old-growth Restorationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentiating Structural and Compositional Attributes across Successional Stages in Chilean Temperate Rainforests

Ponce

Donoso

Salas‐Eljatib

2017

Forests

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Abstract:The landscape in the lowlands of south-central Chile is dominated by agricultural lands and forestry plantations of exotic species. Natural forests are restricted to successional forests, while old-growth forests are nearly absent. The lack of old-growth forests may deprive society from some ecosystem services. Both successional and old forests differ in their ecological functions and in the ecosystem services they can provide. To promote old-growth characteristics in successional forests, it becomes necessary to know which compositional and structural attributes differentiate forests along succession. We aim at identifying the differential attributes among successional and old-growth forests in the lowlands in the northern portion of the Valdivian Rainforests. We analyzed 19 variables in seven different forests and found statistically significant differences in 13 of them. A subset of these variables illustrated major patterns that differentiate successional stages, of which a few could be more easily controlled through management. The latter include lowering tree densities (from >3000 to <1500 trees per hectare), increasing volume of large trees, especially of shade-tolerant species, and structural heterogeneity (a Gini coefficient >0.7 represents older forests). While successional forest show a rapid recovery, forest managers would need to focus in controlling these attributes to increase their old-growth characteristics.

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“…From a management perspective, a great advantage of selection silviculture is the production of large logs for saw timber or veneer, products of high commercial value, while in the same time, logs of smaller dimensions are harvested that can be used for firewood or charcoal production (Moorman et al 2013;Puettmann et al 2015). Siebert (1998), Donoso (2002) and Donoso et al (2009) have proposed target maximum diameters of 60-90 cm (80 cm in this study), which should generate high-value products.…”

Section: Implications For Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is one of the world's 25 biodiversity hotspots due to its abundance of vascular plant and vertebrate species and high degree of endemism, as well as a conservation priority due to it undergoing exceptional loss of habitat (Myers et al 2000;Olson and Dinerstein 1998). This loss is caused basically due to illegal logging and inappropriately conducted legal selective cutting (cut the best and leave the worst; sensu Nyland (2002)), which destroy the multi-aged stand structure of these old-growth forests, leading to thousands of hectares of degraded forests (Moorman et al 2013;Donoso 2013;Schütz et al 2012;Myers et al 2000;Olson and Dinerstein 1998). Old-growth forests of the evergreen forest type harbour the highest tree species richness in Chile and consist of a mixture of mostly shade-tolerant and moderately shade-tolerant (hereafter referred to as "midtolerant") broadleaved evergreen hardwood species and some conifers of the Podocarpaceae family .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Old-growth forests of the evergreen forest type harbour the highest tree species richness in Chile and consist of a mixture of mostly shade-tolerant and moderately shade-tolerant (hereafter referred to as "midtolerant") broadleaved evergreen hardwood species and some conifers of the Podocarpaceae family . The biodiversity associated with the structural and compositional attributes of these oldgrowth forests must not only be maintained in reserves (Moorman et al 2013;Bauhus et al 2009) but also in managed forests, combining the needs of the local population for forest products with biodiversity conservation (Moorman et al 2013). A promising way to address this is the development of a silviculture regime that: (a) maintains forest attributes that are close to the natural state of old-growth forests; and (b) allows stakeholders to benefit from timber harvesting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Short-term effects of single-tree selection cutting on stand structure and tree species composition in Valdivian rainforests of Chile

Schnabel

Donoso

Winter

2017

N.Z. j. of For. Sci.

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Sustainable Protected Area Management: The Case of Llancahue, a Highly Valued Periurban Forest in Chile

Cited by 7 publications

References 27 publications

The effect of small-scale land use on vegetation in the Valdivian Coastal Range (Chile)

The effect of small-scale land use on vegetation in the Valdivian Coastal Range (Chile)

Differentiating Structural and Compositional Attributes across Successional Stages in Chilean Temperate Rainforests

Short-term effects of single-tree selection cutting on stand structure and tree species composition in Valdivian rainforests of Chile

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