Sustainable Preparation of Bio-Based Polybenzoxazine Resins from Amino Acid and Their Application in CO₂ Adsorption

Abstract

A series of new biobased benzoxazine monomers were synthesized by reacting amino acid methyl ester and disphenolic acid methyl ester/eugenol (E) with paraformaldehyde by Mannich condensation reaction. The chemical structures of these biobenzoxazine monomers were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass spectrum, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). Their curing behaviors were examined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and FTIR spectroscopy. Thermogravimetric analysis was utilized to evaluate the thermal stability of the polybenzoxazines. The poly­(E−lyme) showed highest thermal stability in these obtained biothermosets, T d10% of 373 °C and char yield of 47%, respectively. Furthermore, these polybenzoxazines showed good application in the CO2 adsorption field as the carbon precursor, and the activated carbon materials from poly­(E−lyme) had a high surface area of up to 1194 m2 g–1. The remarkably high CO2 adsorption capacity of 5.82 mmol/g was observed on the carbon material ELF0 at 800 mm Hg and 273 K.

Review on the Accelerated and Low-Temperature Polymerization of Benzoxazine Resins: Addition Polymerizable Sustainable Polymers

“…Among naturally occurring amine sources, amino acids, dopamine and mussel-inspired catechol-derivatives hold great potential in benzoxazine chemistry. A few other animal sourced amine or phenolic compounds that were used for making benzoxazines are catechol [ 100 ], dopamine [ 114 ] and amino acids [ 100 , 373 , 374 ].…”

The chemical effect of furfuryl amide on the enhanced performance of the diphenolic acid derived bio‐polybenzoxazine resin

“…All of the amide-containing polybenzoxazines possess excellent performance, and both the T g and T d10 values of poly(DFA-fa) are higher than that of almost all of the highperformance di-oxazine bio-benzoxazine resins recently reported. 23,25,48,[52][53][54][55][56] The results show that our amidation strategy not only can completely solve the problem of poor thermal stability of the DPA-derived benzoxazine resins, but it also allows obtaining excellent properties when amidation is carried out with furfurylamine.…”

Recent development on bio‐based thermosetting resins

“…Jia and coworkers successfully solved this issue by methylating the amino acid and adding triethylamine as acid catcher in the condensation system with bisphenol acid (Scheme 20). 187 The as‐prepared polybenzoxazine resin can also be used as the precursors of porous carbon materials showing good adsorption properties of carbon dioxide.…”