Sustainable Potato Production and Global Food Security

DeFauw, Sherri L.; He, Zhongqi; Larkin, Robert P.; Mansour, Sameeh A.

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-4104-1_1

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…High-resolution investigations that detail crop yield in topographic/hydrodynamic contexts and assess fine-scale soil resource risks (preferably farmscape-assemblage to watershed-or subregional-level) for key "food security" cropping systems such as potato using geographic information systems (GIS) based approaches are needed [37]. Geospatial frameworks help resolve patterns and trends in production environments (at multiple scales).…”

Section: Additional Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic Potential of Compost Amendment as an Alternative to Irrigation in Maine Potato Production Systems

Halloran¹,

Larkin²,

DeFauw³

et al. 2013

AJPS

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Potato productivity in the northeastern US has been relatively constant for over 50 years, raising questions about what factors are limiting productivity. Research was initiated in 2004 to identify key constraints to potato productivity by evaluating Status Quo (SQ), Soil Conserving (SC), and Soil Improving (SI) cropping systems under both rainfed and irrigated management, and it was found that addition of compost or irrigation substantially increased yield. In this study, we employed partial budgeting to determine cost differences and their impact on net revenue for these cropping systems. Differences in systems were primarily associated with rotation length, tillage operations, compost and application expenses, and water management practices. When compost (as composted dairy manure) was annually applied at 19 Mg·ha −1 and evaluated over the entire 3-year crop rotation cycle, the compost-amended rainfed SI system was more expensive to maintain than the irrigated SC system if compost cost exceeded $3.63 Mg . Average marketable yields were used to calculate gross and net revenue for each system. Because average potato yield for the irrigated SQ system (28.4 Mg·ha ), we were able to compare cost of irrigation versus compost for achieving comparable yield. The compost-amended SI system under rainfed management generated more net revenue from the potato crop than the irrigated SQ system when compost costs were less than $7.42 Mg . When compared to the commonly used rainfed SQ system, rainfed SI achieved higher net revenue as long as compost cost was less than $22.95 Mg . The rainfed SI system achieved higher net revenue than the irrigated SC system when compost cost was $9.43 Mg −1 or less, but generated greater net revenue than the rainfed SC system regardless of compost costs, due to substantially higher yields associated with compost amendment. This investigation demonstrates that compost is a potentially viable substitute to irrigation for potato in the northeastern US; however, such potential is highly dependent on suitable compost sources and application costs.

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Section: Additional Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic Potential of Compost Amendment as an Alternative to Irrigation in Maine Potato Production Systems

Halloran¹,

Larkin²,

DeFauw³

et al. 2013

AJPS

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“…As a model plant we used cultivated potato Solanum tuberosum L. (Solanaceae), one of the most important vegetable crops for human nutrition, cultivated in more than 100 countries [26]. Potato tubers of cultivar Sava were provided by Lantmännen, Sweden.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Responses to Brief Touching: A Mechanism for Early Neighbour Detection?

et al. 2016

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In natural habitats plants can be exposed to brief and light contact with neighbouring plants. This mechanical stimulus may represent a cue that induces responses to nearby plants. However, little is known about the effect of touching on plant growth and interaction with insect herbivores. To simulate contact between plants, a soft brush was used to apply light and brief mechanical stimuli to terminal leaves of potato Solanum tuberosum L. The number of non-glandular trichomes on the leaf surface was counted on images made by light microscope while glandular trichomes and pavement cells were counted on images made under scanning electronic microscope. Volatile compounds were identified and quantified using coupled gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Treated plants changed their pattern of biomass distribution; they had lower stem mass fraction and higher branch and leaf mass fraction than untouched plants. Size, weight and number of tubers were not significantly affected. Touching did not cause trichome damage nor change their total number on touched terminal leaves. However, on primary leaves the number of glandular trichomes and pavement cells was significantly increased. Touching altered the volatile emission of treated plants; they released higher quantities of the sesquiterpenes (E)-β-caryophyllene, germacrene D-4-ol and (E)-nerolidol, and lower quantities of the terpenes (E)-ocimene and linalool, indicating a systemic effect of the treatment. The odour of touched plants was significantly less preferred by the aphids Macrosiphum euphorbiae and Myzus persicae compared to odour of untouched plants. The results suggest that light contact may have a potential role in the detection of neighbouring plants and may affect plant-insect interactions.

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“…Its nutritional quality, adaptability to different climates and cultivation methods makes the potato uniquely suitable for this purpose (DeFauw et al 2012;Devaux 2014;Devaux et al 2014;FAO 2008b;Niederhauser 1993). Today the potato is grown in environments that differ vastly with regard to latitude, altitude, day length and temperature from the Andean highlands where it was first domesticated (Hijmans 2001).…”

Section: Impact Of the Potato On Global Food Securitymentioning

confidence: 98%

Impact of the Potato on Society

Jong

2016

Am. J. Potato Res.

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The first impact of the potato on society was the intimate relationship between the domestication of the potato and the evolution of Andean civilization which affected Andean culture and religion. In addition to food potatoes were used for several non-food purposes. In the Inca Empire the freeze-dried chuño was collected as taxes from the peasants and disbursed from imperial storehouses to labor gangs for building roads, waging war, and erecting monuments. After the Spanish conquest chuño was used to feed the slaves in the Andean silver and gold mines. This in turn set the stage for flooding the Spanish and eventually the global market with these precious metals and subsequent world-wide inflation of consumer goods. The potato became the major contributor to the European population explosion of 1750-1850 which in turn resulted in increased urbanization and contributed to the underpinning of the Industrial Revolution in England in the nineteenth century. By feeding rapidly growing populations the potato permitted a small number of nations in northern Europe to assert dominion over much of the world between 1750 and 1950. The failure of the potato crop in Ireland in the 1840s led Britain to repeal the protectionist Corn Laws and set the country on a path of free trade. At least one million Irish refugees emigrated, mostly to North America where they left a great legacy. The past 50 years have seen a major global shift in potato production towards many developing countries in Asia, including China and India. Throughout its history the potato has provided bread for the poor. Today it contributes to food security on a global scale. The potato's depiction on postage stamps demonstrates the esteem in which it is held worldwide and the many references to the potato in art, literature and folklore worldwide are evidence how it has become interwoven in the cultures of many societies today.Resumen El primer impacto de la papa en la sociedad fue la relación íntima entre su domesticación y la evolución de la civilización Andina, la cual afectó la cultura y la religión de los Andes. Además de como alimento, las papas se usaron para varios propósitos no alimentarios. En el Imperio Inca, el chuño deshidratado-congelado se colectaba como impuesto a los campesinos y se desembolsaba de los almacenes imperiales a grupos de trabajo para la construcción de caminos, tributos de guerra y para la erección de monumentos. Después de la conquista española, el chuño se usó para alimentar a los esclavos en las minas andinas de plata y oro. Esto a su vez estableció el escenario para inundar a los españoles y eventualmente al mercado global con estos metales preciosos y la inflación mundial subsecuente de bienes de consumo. La papa se volvió en la mayor contribuyente para la explosión demográfica europea de 1750-1850, que a su vez resultó en aumento en la urbanización y contribuyó a sustentar la revolución industrial en Inglaterra en el siglo 19. Mediante la alimentación de poblaciones en rápido crecimiento, la papa permitió a un pequeño número...

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Sustainable Potato Production and Global Food Security

Cited by 22 publications

References 33 publications

Economic Potential of Compost Amendment as an Alternative to Irrigation in Maine Potato Production Systems

Economic Potential of Compost Amendment as an Alternative to Irrigation in Maine Potato Production Systems

Plant Responses to Brief Touching: A Mechanism for Early Neighbour Detection?

Impact of the Potato on Society

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