Sustainable microalgal biomass production in food industry wastewater for low-cost biorefinery products: a review

Ummalyma, Sabeela Beevi; Sirohi, Ranjna; Udayan, Aswathy; Yadav, Pooja; Raj, Abhay; Sim, Sang Jun; Pandey, Ashok

doi:10.1007/s11101-022-09814-3

Cited by 41 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 161 publications

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“…Screening of microalgae for robust strain selection is a crucial step and several factors are to be considered as screening parameters such as characteristics of wastewater, desired level of treatment efficiency, tolerance of algae to adverse environment, growth, biomass production, nutrient removal, lipid production, self‐flocculation, biosynthesis of secondary products, ease of downstream processing, cost and energy requirements at various stages. [ 21–23 ]…”

Section: Screening Of Microalgal Strains For Integrated Biorefinery A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of Microalgae‐Based Wastewater Bioremediation–Biorefinery Process to Promote Circular Bioeconomy and Sustainability: A Review

Singh

Shourie

Mazahar

2022

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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Bioremediation of wastewater using microalgae is inexpensive, energy efficient, and effective in pollutant reduction as compared to conventional wastewater treatment technologies. Wastewater is a huge resource of minerals, nutrients, bioenergy, and valuable organic compounds and can be used for cultivation of microalgae. The microalgal biomass can be further used as biorefinery feedstock to produce biofuels and commercially important high‐value products. The potential of microalgae toward bioremediation and biorefinery applications presents the avenues for integrating the two processes to support circular bioeconomy and sustainability. This review presents a holistic view of integration of bioremediation and biorefinery processes using microalgae for deriving multiple benefits like pollutant removal, resource recovery, biofuel production, and generation of high‐value commercial products. The current status of high‐throughput microalgal screening technologies is also discussed since the selection of suitable microalgal strains is crucial for the application. The review further summarizes various processes involved in bioremediation and biorefinery systems such as cultivation, bioremediation, harvesting, and downstream processing. Recent trends in microalgal strain improvement for bioremediation and biorefinery applications through genetic engineering, bioinformatics, omics technologies, and genome editing tools are highlighted, while addressing the risks, biosafety issues, and regulatory affairs associated with genetically modified algae.

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Section: Screening Of Microalgal Strains For Integrated Biorefinery A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of Microalgae‐Based Wastewater Bioremediation–Biorefinery Process to Promote Circular Bioeconomy and Sustainability: A Review

Singh

Shourie

Mazahar

2022

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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“…Recently, microalgae have been attracting attention as a substitute for fossil fuels and as an edible protein. Culturing microalgae in industrial wastewater provides the dual benefits of nutrient removal which prevents eutrophication as well as low-cost biomass production 6 . In addition, we reported that it is possible to cultivate microalgae using animal cell waste medium 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of serum-free and grain-derived-nutrient-free medium using microalga-derived nutrients and mammalian cell-secreted growth factors for sustainable cultured meat production

Yamanaka

Haraguchi

Takahashi

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Considering the amount of global resources and energy consumed, and animal welfare issues associated with traditional meat production, cultured meat production has been proposed as a solution to these problems and is attracting worldwide attention. Cultured meat is produced by culturing/proliferating animal muscle cells in vitro. This process requires significant amounts of culture medium, which accounts to a major portion of the production cost. Furthermore, it is composed of nutrients derived from grains and heterotrophic microorganisms and fetal bovine serum (FBS), which will impact the sustainability of cultured meat in future. Here, we developed a novel medium containing nutrients extracted from microalga and cell-secreted growth factors. First, rat liver epithelial RL34 cells were cultured by adding Chlorella vulgaris extract (CVE) to inorganic salt solution. The supernatant, containing the RL34 cell-secreted growth factors, was used as the conditioned medium (CM). This CM, with CVE added as a nutrient source, was applied to primary bovine myoblast cultures. This serum-free and grain-derived-nutrient-free medium promoted the proliferation of bovine myoblasts, the main cell source for cultured beef. Our findings will allow us to take a major step toward reducing production costs and environmental impacts, leading to an expansion of the cultured meat market.

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“…Considerable attention has been focused on optimizing algal cell growth rates using organic C supplements, or even exclusive heterotrophic cultivation ( Lee, 2001 ; Bogaert et al, 2019 ; Pang et al, 2019 ). Support of algal growth by addition of organic C sources can help alleviate light limitation in high density cultures, reduce light requirements, and algae may be able to use organic C sources available as waste products from other processes, possibly improving biomass production efficiency and costs ( Chen et al, 2011 ; Nirmalakhandan et al, 2019 ; Ummalyma et al, 2022 ). Relatively few algal taxa have been examined in laboratory or commercial cultivation ( Luo et al, 2017 ; Nirmalakhandan et al, 2019 ; Wang, He & Young, 2020 ), although green algae which grow fast and tolerate high nutrient concentrations include Chlorella , Chlamydomonas and Scenedesmus species, for which there is also information about growth, physiology and genetics important for researchers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth parameters and responses of green algae across a gradient of phototrophic, mixotrophic and heterotrophic conditions

Young

Reed

Berges

2022

PeerJ

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Many studies have shown that algal growth is enhanced by organic carbon and algal mixotrophy is relevant for physiology and commercial cultivation. Most studies have tested only a single organic carbon concentration and report different growth parameters which hampers comparisons and improvements to algal cultivation methodology. This study compared growth of green algae Chlorella vulgaris and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii across a gradient of photoautotrophic-mixotrophic-heterotrophic culture conditions, with five acetate concentrations. Culture growth rates and biomass achieved were compared using different methods of biomass estimation. Both species grew faster and produced the most biomass when supplied with moderate acetate concentrations (1–4 g L−1), but light was required to optimize growth rates, biomass yield, cell size and cell chlorophyll content. Higher acetate concentration (10 g L−1) inhibited algal production. The choice of growth parameter and method to estimate biomass (optical density (OD), chlorophyll a fluorescence, flow cytometry, cell counts) affected apparent responses to organic carbon, but use of OD at 600, 680 or 750 nm was consistent. There were apparent trade-offs among exponential growth rate, maximum biomass, and culture time spent in exponential phase. Different cell responses over 1–10 g L−1 acetate highlight profound physiological acclimation across a gradient of mixotrophy. In both species, cell size vs cell chlorophyll relationships were more constrained in photoautotrophic and heterotrophic cultures, but under mixotrophy, and outside exponential growth phase, these relationships were more variable. This study provides insights into algal physiological responses to mixotrophy but also has practical implications for choosing parameters for monitoring commercial algal cultivation.

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Sustainable microalgal biomass production in food industry wastewater for low-cost biorefinery products: a review

Cited by 41 publications

References 161 publications

Integration of Microalgae‐Based Wastewater Bioremediation–Biorefinery Process to Promote Circular Bioeconomy and Sustainability: A Review

Integration of Microalgae‐Based Wastewater Bioremediation–Biorefinery Process to Promote Circular Bioeconomy and Sustainability: A Review

Development of serum-free and grain-derived-nutrient-free medium using microalga-derived nutrients and mammalian cell-secreted growth factors for sustainable cultured meat production

Growth parameters and responses of green algae across a gradient of phototrophic, mixotrophic and heterotrophic conditions

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