Sustainable Manufacturing at Siemens AG

Rohrmus, Dominik; Mose, Christian; Holst, Jens-Christian; Müller, Kerstin; Schedlbauer, M.; Raschke, Ulrich; Weinert, Nils

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-20183-7_12

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“… Siemens Eco-care matrix (ECM): ECM analyzes the eco-efficiency of new products and compares them with the best available technologies. In this method, human toxicity, eco-toxicity, ozone depletion, acidification, eutrophication, land use, and resource consumption were used as indicators. , Eco-scale (ES): It is used to evaluate the greenness of different analytical procedures. In this method, penalty point was assigned based on the quantity of reagents used and its hazardous nature, waste generation and energy consumption to operate the instruments …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of GSK’s Model in Leather Making: Quantification of the Environmental Efficiency of a Green Solvent Based Deliming Process

Sathish

Thaikaivelan

Rao

2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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GlaxoSmithKline's solvents ranking model (GSK's SRM) was successfully applied to quantify the environmental efficiency of the cyclic carbonate based alkali neutralization process in leather making. Currently, cyclic carbonates have found interest within the green chemistry fraternity because of their availability, low toxicity, and biodegradability. An attempt has been made for the first time to use propylene carbonate (PC), as an alkali neutralizing agent (deliming agent) in leather making that completely avoided the generation of toxic ammonia gas. It is optimized that 1.5 and 2.5% w/w of PC is required to completely neutralize the alkali (calcium hydroxide) present in the goatskin and cow hide, respectively. Furthermore, the neutralization process obeys pseudo second order kinetics (R 2 : 0.999, k 2 : 3.72 x10 −3 g/ mg•min, h: 1.97 g/mg•min) and the rate of neutralization is faster than conventional ammonium salt based process (R 2 , 0.996; k 2 , 1.25 × 10 −3 g/mg•min; h, 0.79 g/mg•min). We demonstrate that the in situ formation calcium carbonate improves the dimensional stability and other organoleptic properties without affecting the chromium/dye diffusion. Besides this, the developed process enjoys 76.3, 92, and 96% reduction in total dissolved solids (TDS), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), and chloride content in wastewater, respectively. The environmental efficiency index (EEI) value of PC-based neutralization (EEI: 27.44) is 1.5 times higher than that for the conventional ammonium salt based system (EEI: 17.93). The study sheds light on the use of semiquantitative EEI in several industrial applications including leather for moving toward environmental sustainability packed with green chemistry principles.

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