I mplicit in the decision process of corporate leaders is a central question: what and who is this business here for? Many subscribe to the belief that the primary goal of leadership is to maximize shareholder value; their decisions determine whether shareholder value will be enhanced in the short term, the long term, or some combination of the two.But the shareholder-first approach that originated and prevails in the Anglo/US world has received heavy criticism from a number of well-regarded management researchers.[1] Almost two decades ago, French economist Michel Albert wrote that in its extreme form, the sole pursuit of profit is a threat to neoliberal capitalism itself because the focus on short-term profits discourages long-term thinking, investing, and planning.[2] Charles Handy reminds us that the purpose of a business goes beyond making a profit to something better, a higher level purpose: ''Owners know this. Investors don't care.''[3] A few years ago in Strategy & Leadership, Michael Raynor[4] debunked the premises on which the shareholder-first model rests, and a few months ago Michael Porter[5] criticized the current belief that looking beyond the business is bad for business. In the January/February Harvard Business Review he argues that companies should be considering other stakeholders, and so generate economic value by creating societal value.These respected thinkers offer another answer to the question about the purpose of a business: the firm should see itself as an interdependent part of a community that consists of multiple stakeholders whose interests are integral to business success. In this view, an enterprise can be seen as a system of long-term cooperative relationships between affected parties. These include the firm's managers and employees, customers and clients, investors, suppliers, the towns, states and nations where the firm is located or sells goods and services and even future generations of stakeholders.[6] In such a system, stakeholder influence generates pressure for the organization to behave in ethical and environmentally and socially responsible ways, and in turn, this interdependency helps the firm be sustainable and resilient. [7] This alternative approach to leadership is variously referred to as ''sustainable,'' ''Rhineland'' or ''honeybee'' leadership. By sustainable we don't just mean a firm is being green and socially responsible. Research and observations in over 50 firms around the world, including in many listed corporations, suggest that sustainable leadership requires taking a long-term perspective in making decisions; fostering systemic innovation aimed at increasing customer value; developing a skilled, loyal and highly engaged workforce; and offering quality products, services and solutions.[8] What senior executive would reject these as legitimate goals for an enterprise seeking to both thrive and endure?To some cynics, sustainable leadership -a management approach aimed at delivering better and more sustainable returns, reducing unwanted employee turnover a...