“…The southern hilly region is the area south of the Qinling Mountains, east of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, and north of the Leizhou Peninsula in China, covering seven provinces, namely, Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, and Guizhou, with a total land area of approximately 1,276,000 km 2 (Shao et al, 2023), constituting one of the important components of China's "two screens and three belts" ecological pattern (see Figure 1). The region is interspersed with mountains, hills, and plains, with a variety of ecosystems and the largest and most well-preserved middle-subtropical forest ecosystem in the same latitude band.…”