Sustainable hydrogen energy in aviation – A narrative review

Yusaf, Talal; Mahamude, Abu Shadate Faisal; Kadirgama, K.; Ramasamy, D.; Farhana, Kaniz; Dhahad, Hayder A.; Talib, ABD Rahim Abu

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.02.086

Cited by 44 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…However, for its full potential to be realized, further research and development into the storage, distribution, and economic feasibility of using hydrogen in various sectors of the economy must continue. A long-term commitment to the fundamental understanding and development of new technology and infrastructure strategies is strongly required [104].…”

Section: Hydrogen Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Footprint Reduction and Climate Change Mitigation: A Review of the Approaches, Technologies, and Implementation Challenges

Lobus,

Knyazeva,

Popova

et al. 2023

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Since the Industrial Revolution, human economic activity and the global development of society in general have been heavily dependent on the exploitation of natural resources. The use of fossil fuels, deforestation, the drainage of wetlands, the transformation of coastal marine ecosystems, unsustainable land use, and many other unbalanced processes of human activity have led to an increase both in the anthropogenic emissions of climate-active gases and in their concentration in the atmosphere. It is believed that over the past ~150 years these phenomena have contributed to an increase in the global average temperature in the near-surface layer of the atmosphere by ~1 °C. Currently, the most pressing tasks facing states and scientific and civil societies are to reduce anthropogenic CO2 emissions and to limit the global air temperature increase. In this regard, there is an urgent need to change existing production systems in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to sequester them. In this review, we consider up-to-date scientific approaches and innovative technologies, which may help in developing roadmaps to reduce the emissions of climate-active gases, control rising temperatures, decarbonize economies, and promote the sustainable development of society in general.

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Section: Hydrogen Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Footprint Reduction and Climate Change Mitigation: A Review of the Approaches, Technologies, and Implementation Challenges

Lobus,

Knyazeva,

Popova

et al. 2023

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“…A less advanced and simpler solution is a traditional turbojet engine powered by kerosene and hydrogen gas. One advantage of this solution, among others, is that the supplied hydrogen is not a liquid, like kerosene, which prevents the formation of a local stoichiometric fuel/air region of high temperature near the evaporating fuel drop [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas Temperature Distribution in the Combustion Chamber of a GTM400 MOD Turbojet Engine Powered by JET A-1 Fuel and Hydrogen

Brodzik

2024

Energies

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Research on engine operation using hydrogen may enable appropriate optimization of thrust, and therefore performance, related to its potential use in aircraft. It is particularly important as the share of hydrogen in combustion affects the reduction of combustion products such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, hydrocarbons, and solid matter. This is in line with the new requirements regarding the increased supply of sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs) and the related changes in emissions, i.e., reducing the harmful impact of exhaust gases on the environment. This paper presents the results of measurements carried out in the GTM400 MOD turbojet engine. Based on the research performed, the impact of hydrogen and aviation kerosene combustion on selected engine parameters is presented. The paper shows changes in the rotational speed and volume flow of JET A-1 fuel as a function of engine operation time. Changes in temperature measured at the edge of the flame tube were also examined. The tests confirmed that the combustion chamber worked correctly in the selected area in the range of the tested fuel mixtures. After incorporating hydrogen into the combustion process, the consumption of traditional JET A-1 fuel was significantly reduced.

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“…Therefore, achieving a balanced water management condition is essential to controlling the desired direction of water transport across the MEA during FC operation to ensure that the cathode is not flooded due to water accumulation or that the anode does not become too dry due to strong electro-osmotic drag. Maintaining this balance is crucial for an effective self-humidification design to prevent membrane damage and ensure a reliable power output even in severe temperature and environmental conditions [ 27 , 39 , 40 , 41 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A compliant dead-end hydrogen storage chamber at the anode, such as a balloon, a local pocket, or a small container at ambient pressure, is utilized to trap the water produced at the cathode traveling to the anode side. This low-cost and lightweight self-humidification method can be applied in small applications, such as a local pocket or a small container at ambient pressure, to keep the membrane hydrated under dry ambient conditions—for example, a hydrogen blimp powered by Air PEM FCs [ 40 , 41 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics Management of Intermediate Water Storage in an Air-Breathing Single-Cell Membrane Electrode Assembly

Kumar,

Schechter,

Avrahami

2023

Membranes

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In air-breathing proton exchange membrane fuel cells (Air PEM FCs), a high rate of water evaporation from the cathode might influence the resistance of the membrane electrode assembly (MEA), which is highly dependent on the water content of the Nafion membrane. We propose a dead-end hydrogen anode as a means of intermediate storage of water/humidity for self-humidification of the membrane. Such an inflatable bag integrated with a single lightweight MEA FC has the potential in blimp applications for anode self-humidification. A dynamic numerical water balance model, validated by experimental measurements, is derived to predict the effect of MEA configuration, and the membrane’s hydration state and water transfer rate at the anode on MEA resistance and performance. The experimental setup included humidity measurements, and polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy tests to quantify the effect of membrane hydration on its resistance in a lightweight MEA (12 g) integrated with an inflatable dead-end hydrogen storage bag. Varying current densities (5, 10, and 15 mA/cm2) and cathode humidity levels (20, 50, and 80%) were examined and compared with the numerical results. The validated model predicts that the hydration state of the membrane and water transfer rate at the anode can be increased by using a thin membrane and thicker gas diffusion layer.

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Sustainable hydrogen energy in aviation – A narrative review

Cited by 44 publications

References 66 publications

Carbon Footprint Reduction and Climate Change Mitigation: A Review of the Approaches, Technologies, and Implementation Challenges

Carbon Footprint Reduction and Climate Change Mitigation: A Review of the Approaches, Technologies, and Implementation Challenges

Gas Temperature Distribution in the Combustion Chamber of a GTM400 MOD Turbojet Engine Powered by JET A-1 Fuel and Hydrogen

Dynamics Management of Intermediate Water Storage in an Air-Breathing Single-Cell Membrane Electrode Assembly

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