Sustainable, fire‐resistant phthalonitrile‐based glass fiber composites

Abstract

The sustainable resveratrol-based phthalonitrile was used in the preparation of E-glass fiber-reinforced phthalonitrile composite panels fabricated by hot pressed prepreg consolidation with bis[4-(3-aminophenoxy)phenyl]sulfone (m-BAPS) as the curing additive. This amorphous monomer exhibited excellent viscosities at temperatures below 200 8C, which is applicable to standard processing conditions. Rheometric measurements were used to evaluate the cure of the composite as a function of the postcure conditions. The composite retains >95% of its room temperature storage modulus up to 450 8C based on these postcuring parameters. More importantly, flammability performance of the composite-which was determined in terms of ignitability, heat release, and mass loss rate-excels over other state-of-the-art polymer/glass composites. Even under the most extreme heat fluxes (e.g., 100 kWÁm 22 ), the composite performs exceptionally well suggesting that resveratrol-based phthalonitrile composites can be used in fire-resistant applications.

Synthesis and properties of a novel high-temperature vinylpyridine-based phthalonitrile polymer

“…[20][21][22] In recent decades, researchers have emphasized the structural design of the phthalonitrile monomer to improve the comprehensive properties of resins. [23][24][25] It is generally well-known that the aromatic and/or heterocyclic structures endow the phthalonitriles with outstanding properties. However, most of the efforts in this field have been focused on improving the processability of the material but have neglected improvements in the thermal stability and mechanical properties.…”

Investigation on thermal properties and flame retardancy of glass‐fiber reinforced poly(butylene succinate) composites filled with aluminum hypophosphite and melamine cyanurate

“…Nevertheless, although GF obviously contribute a lot to the substantial improvement of mechanical properties of PBS matrix, potential fire hazard still inevitably get much more serious and easily cause a terrible fire, which is primarily ascribed to the special wick effect. Thus, how to achieve efficient flame‐retardancy becomes vital to the practical applications of glass fiber reinforced poly(butylene succinate) (GFPBS) composites, which is still a huge challenge urgently needed to be solved nowadays 14–17 …”

“…Thus, how to achieve efficient flame-retardancy becomes vital to the practical applications of glass fiber reinforced poly(butylene succinate) (GFPBS) composites, which is still a huge challenge urgently needed to be solved nowadays. [14][15][16][17] In recent years, a series of halogen-free flame retardants commercially available, which only release little smoke, soot and nontoxic gas in combustion process, have been expected to gradually substitute for traditional halogen ones. As commonly used halogen-free alternative, significant progress has been already made by carrying out the researches about intumescent flame retardant (IFR) in depth, majority of which have also presented many encouraging findings.…”

Investigation on curing reaction of phthalonitrile resin with nanosilica and the properties of their glass fiber‐reinforced composites

“…Phthalonitrile resin was a kind of high performance thermosetting resin, due to the high stability of resulted triazine and phthalocyanine rings generated from ring‐formation polymerization of nitrile groups. These high stable units contributed to phthalonitrile resin with outstanding thermal stabilities, high T g , good flame retardancy and high mechanical properties, which could be applied as advanced structural materials 20–22 . However, pure phthalocyanine also showed high melting points and slow curing reactions without curing agents 23 .…”

“…These high stable units contributed to phthalonitrile resin with outstanding thermal stabilities, high T g , good flame retardancy and high mechanical properties, which could be applied as advanced structural materials. [20][21][22] However, pure phthalocyanine also showed high melting points and slow curing reactions without curing agents. 23 In order to improve the problems of pure phthalonitrile resin, phthalonitrile containing benzoxazine (BA-ph) was synthesized in our previous researches with low melting point, wide processing window and self-catalysis properties.…”