Sustainable Ethanol Production from Common Reed (Phragmites australis) through Simultaneuos Saccharification and Fermentation

Abstract

Abstract:Phragmites australis (common reed) is a perennial grass that grows in wetlands or near inland waterways. Due to its fast-growing properties and low requirement in nutrients and water, this arboreal variety is recognized as a promising source of renewable energy although it is one of the least characterized energy crops. In this experiment, the optimization of the bioethanol production process from Phragmites australis was carried out. Raw material was first characterized according to the standard procedure (NREL) to evaluate its composition in terms of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin content. Common reed was pretreated by steam explosion process at three different severity factor (R0) values. The pretreatment was performed in order to reduce biomass recalcitrance and to make cellulose more accessible to enzymatic attack. After the pretreatment, a water insoluble substrate (WIS) rich in cellulose and lignin and a liquid fraction rich in pentose sugars (xylose and arabinose) and inhibitors were collected and analyzed. The simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of the WIS was performed at three different solid loadings (SL) 10%, 15%, 20% (w/w). The same enzyme dosage, equal to 20% (g enzyme/g cellulose), was used for all the WIS loadings. The efficiency of the whole process was evaluated in terms of ethanol overall yield (g ethanol/100 g raw material). The maximum ethanol overall yields achieved were 16.56 and 15.80 g ethanol/100 g RM dry basis for sample AP10 and sample AP4.4, respectively. The yields were reached

Life cycle assessment of common reed (Phragmites australis (Cav) Trin. ex Steud) cellulosic bioethanol in Jiangsu Province, China

“…The values of Y ethanol (890e7580 L ha À1 ) were estimated following equation (3), and E prod,wh (0.17 L kg À1 ) of whole-plant common reed was lower than the reported values (16.5 g and 15.8 g ethanol per 100 g dry biomass) of Cotana et al [28] because of different pretreatment methods. Based on statistical analysis, Y ethanol values from common reed at Haimen and Sheyang were significantly higher than those at Sihong due to higher biomass yields ( Table 1).…”

A Process Study of Lactic Acid Production from Phragmites australis Straw by a Thermophilic Bacillus coagulans Strain under Non-Sterilized Conditions

“…Composition of PAS (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) was detected according to the method of reported literature [14]. As a lignocellulosic feedstock, PAS has been widely studied to produce biofuel [5,6,14]. However, to the best of our knowledge, no report has investigated LA production from PAS.…”

“…As a lignocellulosic feedstock, PAS has been widely studied to produce biofuel [5,6,14]. However, to the best of our knowledge, no report has investigated LA production from PAS.…”

Sustainable New Brick and Thermo-Acoustic Insulation Panel from Mineralization of Stranded Driftwood Residues

“…Besides, applications of biomass wastes, residues and by-products which can potentially be used as sustainable and environmental friendly materials are increasingly gaining attention in the building industry to mitigate the environmental impacts associated with the built environment [3][4][5]. Several studies in the literature have demonstrated the wide range of natural resources and biomass applications such as burning wood for heating purposes, or even growing genetically modified microbes to produce cellulosic ethanol [12][13][14][15]. Likewise, several experimental studies have been conducted to identify and analyze the potential use of biomass as building material components [16][17][18][19].…”