Sustainable energy development strategies: implications of energy demand management and renewable energy in Thailand

Tanatvanit, S.; Limmeechokchai, Bundit; Chungpaibulpatana, Supachart

doi:10.1016/s1364-0321(03)00066-2

Cited by 57 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The existing data is sometimes only available in Thai language and not in open literature. Only a few publications with detailed energy demand modeling of the Thai transportation sector are available in open literature [5,6], while others have focused on other energy consumption sectors [7][8][9][10]. In addition to difficulty in data collection, some assumptions are necessary to predict the future energy demand because the involved variables are varied with time.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Firstly, the number of registered vehicle (NV) is predicted from records from the Transport Statistics Sub-Division, Department of Land Transport (DLT). The data can be fitted with economic and population growth by recourse to prior works [6,11,12]. However, when some necessary data like Vehicle Kilometer of Travel (VKT) is not sufficiently available, some detailed assumptions must be applied.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scenario Analyses of Road Transport Energy Demand: A Case Study of Ethanol as a Diesel Substitute in Thailand

et al. 2011

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Ethanol is conventionally used as a blend with gasoline due to its similar properties, especially the octane number. However, ethanol has also been explored and used as a diesel substitute. While a low-blend of ethanol with diesel is possible with use of an emulsifier additive, a high-blend of ethanol with diesel may require major adjustment of compression-ignition (CI) diesel engines. Since dedicated CI engines are commercially available for a high-blend ethanol in diesel (ED95), a fuel mixture comprised of 95% ethanol and 5% additive, this technology offers an option for an oil-importing country like Thailand to reduce its fossil import by use of its own indigenous bio-ethanol fuel. Among many strong campaigns on ethanol utilization in the transportation sector under Thailand's Alternative Energy Strategic Plan (2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016)(2017)(2018)(2019)(2020)(2021)(2022), the Thai Ministry of Energy has, for the first time, conducted a demonstration project with ethanol (ED95) buses on the Thai road system. The current investigation thus aims to assess and quantify the impact of using this ED95 technology to reduce fossil diesel consumption by adjusting the commercially available energy demand model called the Long range Energy Alternatives Planning system (LEAP). For this purpose, first, the necessary statistical data in the Thai transportation sector were gathered and analyzed to construct the predicative energy OPEN ACCESSEnergies 2011, 4 109 demand model. Then, scenario analyses were conducted to assess the benefit of ED95 technology on the basis of energy efficiency and greenhouse gas emission reduction.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scenario Analyses of Road Transport Energy Demand: A Case Study of Ethanol as a Diesel Substitute in Thailand

et al. 2011

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“…The technological improvement in CNG or LPG engine would result in an energy savings of 30% in Thailand's transportation sector (Pongthanaisawan et al, 2007). Increasing public transportation systems, especially the Metropolitan Rapid Transit (MRT) and Bangkok Mass Transit System (BTS) in Bangkok can reduce future energy requirements and CO 2 emissions in 2020 by 635 thousand ton of oil equivalent (ktoe) and 2024 ktoe, respectively (Tanatvanit et al, 2003). The investment of advanced technologies in the automobile industry such as hybrid cars (plug-in) plays an important role in reducing energy consumption and pollutant air emissions in the long run.…”

Section: Emissions From Major Economic Sectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inter-Industry Linkages, Energy and CO2 Multipliers of the Electric Power Industry in Thailand

Muangthai

Lin

Lewis

2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The vital electricity generation sector contributes substantially to CO 2 emission in Thailand. In this study 19 relevant sectors, based on input-output tables for the years of 2000, 2005 and 2010, have been aggregated to investigate interindustry linkages among the power sector and other sectors. Also, the energy multiplier and CO 2 multiplier are applied to estimate the direct and indirect energy intensity and CO 2 intensity of 19 industries during 2010. Results show that the electricity generation sector has a high forward linkage effect and a relatively low backward linkage effect. Consequently, the electricity generation sector has a significant influence as an input source for other industries, but it has a low capacity for attracting other industries' output. In 2010 the electricity generation sector was the highest energy intensive and CO 2 intensive industry with 1,770 × 10 7 kcal million US$ -1 and 3,521 ton CO 2 million US$ -1 , respectively. Besides, total indirect energy intensity and total indirect CO 2 intensity from the aggregated 19 sectors accounted for 53% and 52% of the total intensity, respectively. Accordingly, the huge indirect energy intensity and CO 2 intensity in the construction, machinery, other manufacturing played significant role in Thai's industry, and should not be overlooked. To promote energy conservation and emissions reduction by the electricity generation and other relevant sectors, this study suggests that the Thai government should promote sustainable design of buildings and improve the electricity transmission and distribution processes. Besides, the environmental impact assessment should be undertaken for proposed nuclear power plant construction in the future. The methodology used herein can be applied to other industries, and they can also provide a guide for governments to evaluate relative economic contribution and environmental impact on energy consumption and CO 2 emission.

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“…To apply a systematic and proven process of technology portfolio planning in Taiwan, Chen et al (2009) constructed three scenarios (''Season in the Sun,'' ''More Desire than Energy,'' and ''Castle in the Air'') that encompass future uncertainties in the relationships between the technology alternatives and the decision values. Analysis of other long-term trends such as energy security, economics, energy supply and demand, geopolitical shifts, and social change has also been considered by scenario planners (Renn 2003;Guerra et al 2014;Jiang and Hu 2006;Jewell et al 2014;Bilgin 2011;Criqui and Mima 2012;Grave et al 2012;Weldegiorgis and Franks 2014;Fortes et al 2014;Tanatvanit and Limmeechokchai 2003).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iran’s energy scenarios on a 20-year vision

Chaharsooghi

Rezaei

Alipour

2015

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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With the heightened awareness of global environmental issues of greenhouse gas emissions by fossil fuels as non-renewable energy resources, the application of renewable energies (REs) has emerged as one of the most significant policies in most of the countries throughout the world. Although Iran is blessed with high potential of RE resources such as solar, wind, and geothermal, development of such resources, however, has been neglected due to the various reasons. Considering the long time needed to develop and deploy RE resources, a long-term planning is required in this area. Therefore, applying the scenario planning method, this research develops four scenarios in Iran's 2025 vision, through a combination of the changes in energy consumption and RE generation: green path, standardization, fossil energy, and non-targeted subsidy. Developed scenarios are then compared with the government plan for utilizing REs in 10 % of total electric power generation in a 20-year vision. Results indicate that standardization and fossil energy are the most probable scenarios. Green path is the most optimistic scenario for the country, suggesting the goal of producing 10 % of total electricity share through REs could be achievable by 2025. And the non-targeted subsidy is the most pessimistic and unexpected scenario for the country.

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Sustainable energy development strategies: implications of energy demand management and renewable energy in Thailand

Cited by 57 publications

References 3 publications

Scenario Analyses of Road Transport Energy Demand: A Case Study of Ethanol as a Diesel Substitute in Thailand

Scenario Analyses of Road Transport Energy Demand: A Case Study of Ethanol as a Diesel Substitute in Thailand

Inter-Industry Linkages, Energy and CO2 Multipliers of the Electric Power Industry in Thailand

Iran’s energy scenarios on a 20-year vision

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