Sustainable Electrosynthesis of Porous CuN₃ Films for Functional Energetic Chips

Abstract

A porous CuN3 film has been facilely synthesized by a sustainable electroassisted azidation methodology using the template of porous Cu as a precursor. Such porous CuN3 films show excellent performances of both superior energy release and tremendous brisance, which can be tuned by changes of the current density and azidation time. Energy release reaches a maximum of 1200 J·g–1 at a current density of 3.0 mA·cm–2 with a reaction time of 450 s. Meanwhile, the conversion ratio of Cu can reach ca. 31% with ca. 43 wt % of CuN3 in the prepared CuN3 film. In addition, the growth mechanism of the CuN3 film is justified by not only experimental observations but also density functional theory calculations. Compared with the common gas–solid azidation method, this electrosynthesis strategy can lead to great reduction in the reaction time (from >12 h to <10 min) even without the use of dangerous HN3 gas. Moreover, the preparation method here is fully compatible with microelectromechanical system (MEMS) technology, which is of great significance in promising applications for functional energetic chips.

An energetic composite formed of wrinkled rGO sheets wrapped around copper azide nanowires with higher electrostatic safety as a green primary explosive

“…The DSC result shows that, as a composite energetic material, the energy release of CAN-Ws@rGO is lower than that of the pure CA lm previously reported (1650 J g À1 ), 15 but higher than that of the CuN 3 lm (1200 J g À1 ). 16 As a detonator, the two most notable performances are detonation capability and safety. In order to test the detonation ability of CANWs@rGO, it was used as a primary explosive to detonate the secondary explosive (RDX) loaded in the detonator.…”

“…Copper azide (CA) as a replacement of primary explosives containing lead has shown advantages in terms of initiation properties and environmental friendliness. [13][14][15][16] Its high output energy enables CA to meet the dosage limitation and assembly requirements in miniaturized explosive systems. [17][18][19][20][21] Unfortunately, its high electrostatic sensitivity, which is a crucial parameter to assess safety performance, limits the wide range of applications of CA, only 0.05 mJ discharge energy caused by collision and friction will induce an explosion.…”

Controllable Electrically Guided Nano-Al/MoO3 Energetic-Film Formation on a Semiconductor Bridge with High Reactivity and Combustion Performance

“…Exploration of exothermic performance is essential to energetic materials, including MICs [34][35][36][37], and is shown in Figure 5 in detail. Figure 5a displays the DSC data measured from the nano-Al/MoO 3 MIC with the Φ d of ~1.0 and a low heating rate of 10 K/min.…”

Debunking the essential effect of temperature and voltage on the current curve and the nanotube morphology

“…(3) Electrochemical anodization and porous anodic oxides have received extensive attention because such nanomaterials have broad application prospects in many elds. [2][3][4][5][6] However, the formation mechanism of anodic TiO 2 nanotubes is still in debate. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] The eld-assisted dissolution theory [14][15][16][17] is the most classical, believing that the eld-assisted dissolution of the oxide gives rise to the formation of anodic TiO 2 nanotubes.…”