Sustainable Development and Workers Ability: Considerations on the Education Index in the Human Development Index

Abstract

Sustainability is an imperative of the 21st century in order to preserve the environment for the next generations, but sustainable development also requires the introduction and use of new technologies, and the related abilities for their use. The United Nations have adopted the Human Development Index HDI in order to assess human well-being. This index includes a component related to knowledge, the Education Index, which is expressed in terms of the mean schooling years. However, this information does not contain a measure of the student’s ability to solve complex problems or ability to reason, which are fundamental skills for sustainable development. In this study, an improved version of the Education Index was developed by considering the data available from the OECD’s Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). This new index takes into account both the social impact of schooling years and the outcomes of the education systems for each country (PISA scores). As a consequence of this new Education Index, a new Human Development Index, HDI*, is proposed. Two case studies were performed, comparing the European and non-European countries, focusing on government education spending. Moreover, the trends of an energy and an environmental indicator are analyzed in relation to the HDI*.

Digital education in the social investment model of Gross Domestic Product growth in the context of Industry 4.0

“…This paper's contribution to the literature consists in the development of the scientific provisions of the concept of the social investment model of economic growth through reconsideration of the approach to human potential development with the help of education under the conditions of Industry 4.0. Unlike the existing approach, which implies the foundation on traditional (pre-digital) education (Algraini, 2021;Indrawati and Kuncoro, 2021;Grisolia et al, 2022;Guijarro-Garvi et al, 2022), we offered a new approach to human potential development under the conditions of Industry 4.0, which is based on digital education.…”

“…The works of Algraini ( 2021), Grisolia et al (2022), Guijarro-Garvi et al ( 2022), and Indrawati and Kuncoro (2021) state that the social investment role of economic growth is based on education with the preference for the traditional (pre-digital) practise. This position is proved by the fact that an increase in human potential, which is a source of economic growth, takes place through education (Bloom et al, 2021;Nouira and Saafi, 2022;Wang et al, 2022).…”

The institutional approach to the development of education in the social and investment model of Russia's economic growth

“…The theoretical base of this research is the concept of social investments, which emphasizes the important role of education and, in particular, higher education in supporting social development (Wasino et al, 2020;Gómez Zermeño and Alemán de la Garza, 2021;Grisolia et al, 2022;Guijarro-Garvi et al, 2022;Trong, 2022;MacKenzie et al, 2023). Thus, higher education lies based on the social and investment model of economic growth.…”

HDI index dimensions in the context of hybrid threats

“…As a result of this finding, it is necessary to change the construction of the HDI index, according to the authors. (Grisolia et al, 2022a(Grisolia et al, , 2022b We can also monitor the development of the HDI indicator with respect to environmental and energy indicators. (Lima et al, 2022;Zhang & Wu, 2022;Hwang et al, 2023, Conigliani et al, 2023 The behavior of citizens in the country in the area of paying taxes is an essential factor in human development.…”