Sustainable Biosynthesis of Esterase Enzymes of Desired Characteristics of Catalysis for Pharmaceutical and Food Industry Employing Specific Strains of Microorganisms

Abstract

Reactions catalysed by sustainably produced enzymes can contribute to the bioeconomy supporting several industries. Low-value compounds can be transformed into added-value products or high-resolution chemicals could be prepared in reactions catalysed by biocatalyst esterase enzymes. These enzymes can be synthesised by purposely isolated or genetically modified strains of microorganisms. Enzymes belonging to the hydrolase family catalyse the formation and hydrolysis of ester bonds to produce the desired esterified molecule. The synthesis of homo-chiral compounds can be accomplished either by chemical or biocatalytic processes, the latter being preferred with the use of microbial esterases. For varied applications, esterases with high stability and retained activity at lower and higher temperatures have been produced with strains isolated from extreme environments. For sustainable production of enzymes, higher productivity has been achieved by employing fast-growing Escherichia coli after incorporating plasmids of required characteristics from specific isolates. This is a review of the isolated and engineered strains used in the biosynthesis of esterase of the desired property, with the objective of a sustainable supply of enzymes, to produce products of industrial importance contributing to the economy.

Current status and future prospects of bioactive molecules delivered through sustainable encapsulation techniques for food fortification

“…The desired characteristics of different biocatalysts applied as encapsulation matrices are presented, highlighting sustainable production and high bioavailability. 53 Encapsulation is a technique that involves the introduction of bioactive compounds in a secure way into the matrix of products. More specically, using an effective vehicle, the ingredients and additives with the required bioactivity can be entrapped within or coated with another material, or system (encapsulating agent).…”

“…The desired characteristics of different biocatalysts applied as encapsulation matrices are presented, highlighting sustainable production and high bioavailability. 53…”

Nutraceutical Combinational Therapy for Diarrhoea Control with Probiotic Beverages from Fermented Fruits, Vegetables and Cereals to Regain Lost Hydration, Nutrition and Gut Microbiota

“…Researchers are still trying to understand the various benefits of probiotics and it appears that they keep the digestive system in balance, improve digestion of lactose, improve digestive disorders like bloating, pain, constipation and diarrhoea and produce certain vitamins [ 33 ]. Because many microbes used as probiotics already exist in our bodies and there are decades of their safe use in functional foods in almost every country, probiotic foods are considered safe for their consumption for providing health benefits [ 34 ]. They have no side effects and can be easily incorporated as a part of the daily diet to ensure regular bowel movements and a healthy intestine [ 35 ].…”

Mitochondrial Esterase Activity Measured at the Single Organelle Level by Nano-flow Cytometry

“…Esterases are widely present enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of esters into the corresponding alcohols and acids . Multiple esterases and thioesterases, such as peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase ICT1, thioesterase acyl-CoA, thioesterase-prolyl endopeptidase-like (PREPL), and αβ-hydrolase domain-containing 10 (ABHD10), have been identified as active participants within mitochondria, specifically in depalmitoylation, amino acid metabolism, and fatty acid metabolism. − In the event of dysregulated mitochondrial esterase activity, the consequence can lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and an imbalance in redox homeostasis. , Although the significance of mitochondrial esterase is readily apparent, the impact of the mitochondrial metabolic state on the activity of mitochondrial esterase remains unexamined.…”