Sustainable and Green Engineering Insights on Deep Eutectic Solvents toward the Extraction of Nutraceuticals

Abstract

Deep eutectic solvents (DES) hold promising potential in the selective purification of bioactive molecules from various complex sources. Although they are increasingly considered as a biocompatible extraction medium, adding the task-specific functionality, which makes DES distinctive for the selective extraction of compounds, requires appropriate tailoring of their physical properties. This critical review investigates the influential physical properties of deep eutectic solvents and their effect on various sustainable extraction methodsincluding both solid–liquid and liquid–liquidfor the separation of nutraceuticals. Various methods by which DES are employed as solvents, cosolvents, or as adjuvants in different extraction systems are compared in terms of their efficiency and selectivity. Furthermore, the correspondence between the type of DES and the nature of target nutraceuticals to be extracted is also discussed. The Review highlights the key achievements and future prospects of employing DES along with the lacunae in the current investigations and proposed various approaches for sustainable applications.

Simultaneous production and sustainable eutectic mixture based purification of narringinase with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens by valorization of tofu wastewater

“…The higher viscosity of NADES corresponds to a lower degree of ionization hence lower free energy for transport of target molecules to the extraction phase. NADES with low viscosity have increased fluidity and low cohesive force and are incompetent to form two-phase in extractive fermentation 33 . Therefore, NADES with moderate viscosity acts as a better choice for the formation of two-phase in extractive fermentation of naringinase.…”

“…4 ) that the first cycle of extraction results in 97% recovery. Subsequent cycles have a notable loss of NADES which might be due to the loss of hydrogen bonds which hold the NADES together 33 . This is due to the increased hydration of NADES on successive usage.…”

Simultaneous Production and Sustainable Eutectic Mixture Based Purification of Narringinase With Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens by Valorization of Tofu Wastewater

“…Higher viscosity of NADES corresponds to lower degree of ionization hence lower free energy for transport of target molecules to extraction phase. NADES with low viscosity have increased uidity and low cohesive force and are incompetent to form two phase in extractive fermentation 39 . Therefore, NADES with moderate viscosity acts as better choice for formation of two phase in extractive fermentation of naringinase.…”

Antimicrobial and antiviral activity of selenium sulphide nanoparticles synthesised in extracts from spices in natural deep eutectic solvents (NDES)

“…Numerous herbs and spices, usually used for seasoning dishes, are excellent sources of phenolic compounds, which show good antioxidant activity [ 20 , 21 ]. Herbs and spices typically contain essential oils that exhibit antioxidant activity, but their solubility in water is limited [ 22 ]. Therefore, it is useful to use NDES for the extraction of active compounds.…”