Sustainable and Eco-Friendly Coral Restoration through 3D Printing and Fabrication

Albalawi, Hamed I.; Khan, Zainab; Valle-Pérez, Alexander U.; Kahin, Kowther; Hountondji, Maria; Alwazani, Hibatallah; Schmidt‐Roach, Sebastian; Bilalis, Panayiotis; Aranda, Manuel; Duarte, Carlos M.; Hauser, Charlotte

doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c04148

Cited by 36 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Additionally, such microscale bioprinted living materials could be combined with larger-scale 3D printing approaches aimed at coral reef restoration. [58,59] We anticipate that the fabricated living coral microenvironments will find wide applications in coral reef science and will be further developed as a next-generation technology for coral stress and bleaching studies, ultimately paving the way for the engineering of novel biomaterials and artificial coral reefs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioprinted Living Coral Microenvironments Mimicking Coral‐Algal Symbiosis

Wangpraseurt

Sun

You

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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The coral‐algal symbiosis is the biological engine that drives one of the most spectacular structures on Earth: the coral reef. Here, living coral microhabitats are engineered using 3D bioprinting, as biomimetic model system of the coral‐algal symbiosis. Various bioinks for the encapsulation of coral photosymbiotic microalgae (Breviolum psygmophilum) are developed and coral mass transfer phenomena are mimicked by 3D bioprinting coral tissue and skeleton microscale features. At the tissue–seawater interface, the biomimetic coral polyp and connective tissue structures successfully replicate the natural build‐up of the O2 diffusive boundary layer. Inside the bioprinted construct, coral‐like microscale gastric cavities are engineered using a multi‐material bioprinting process. Underneath the tissue, the constructs mimic the porous architecture of the coral aragonite skeleton at the micrometer scale, which can be manipulated to assess the effects of skeletal architecture on stress‐related hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production. The bioprinted living coral microhabitats replicate the diffusion‐related phenomena that underlie the functioning and breakdown of the coral‐algal symbiosis and can be exploited for the additive manufacturing of synthetic designer corals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioprinted Living Coral Microenvironments Mimicking Coral‐Algal Symbiosis

Wangpraseurt

Sun

You

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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“…Other ingredients such as glass-fibre reinforced polymers and slow-releasing reef nutrients, bacterial cultures, or extracts of crustose coralline algae can potentially be added to the base aggregates of 3D printing to facilitate the growth of the reef; thereby increasing the aquaculture benefits of the artificial reef. 43 The authors note that 3D printing is currently used in limited ways in the construction of artificial reefs. The current large scale 3D printing approaches use 3D printing techniques such as Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) or Powder Bed Fusion.…”

Section: Potential Artificial Reef Projectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities for further development of 3D-printed floating artificial reefs

Wang¹,

Bao²,

Ward³

2022

JAMB

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This article sets out the potential benefits of combining floating structures with 3D-printed artificial reefs to increase sustainable development of artificial reefs. Traditional artificial reefs are often sited on the seabed (bottom-founded) and are limited to a narrow range of suitable deployment sites. By utilising floating structure technology to create floating artificial reefs, these ecological installations leverage the advantages of floating structures to create more conducive conditions for improved bio-diversity, aquacultural harvests, and coral growth. These advantages include the ability to sensitively deploy floating reefs in the photic zone of deeper waters or where there are soft seabed conditions, speed and flexibility in deployment, creative use of mooring systems to reduce the impact of climatic and navigational threats, and the use of reefs to reduce the impact of coastal erosion and increased urbanisation. This article then considers how floating artificial reefs offer biological and environmental advantages, with the potential to deploy these reefs under environmental offset policies. Importantly, the article considers how 3D-printing technology can produce topographical optimisation of the floating structure, and potentially increase the speed of coral coverage, diversity of fish species and reduced settlement predation. It concludes with identifying future research opportunities to realise the delivery of 3D-printed artificial reefs as part of floating offshore development projects or for environmental offset programs.

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“…3D bioprinting has been utilized to print different types of organs and tissues 1,10,11 . In our previous research, we have applied extrusion-based 3D printing for the biofabrication of cylindrical and ear tissue constructs for healthcare applications, as well as for the development of calcium carbonate-based coral skeletons for coral restoration 1,[11][12][13] . To achieve this, we are exploiting an in-house developed robotic 3D bioprinter for the extrusion of peptide-based bioinks 14,15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A predictive machine learning model to optimize flow rates on an integrated microfluidic pumping system for peptide-based 3D bioprinting

Hammad

Khan²,

Valle-Pérez³

et al. 2023

Microfluidics, BioMEMS, and Medical Microsystems XXI

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3D bioprinting technology has promising applications in regenerative medicine and drug testing in the near future for the fabrication of patient-specific replicas of human organs, bones, etc. Previously, we have developed a dual-arm 3D bioprinting system, TwinPrint, using two robots to cooperatively bioprint peptide-based soft matter structures. During 3D bioprinting, optimization of extrusion flow rates of peptide bioinks is critical for efficient cell encapsulation and mechanical stability. Currently, it is dependent on user knowledge and experience from past experiments which may vary in reliability and quality. Thus, this paper proposes a multi-output regression machine learning model to predict optimized peptide flow rates for the microfluidic-based pumping component of the TwinPrint system. Specifically, parameters including peptide bioink type, peptide concentration, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) concentration and nozzle size are used as inputs for machine learning methods. The output is estimated optimal flow rates of the bioink fluid components, essential in obtaining a consistent amount of gel extrusion. The dataset used to train and test the predictive model is collected from numerous bioprinting experiments conducted on-site. Performance evaluation metrics are applied to examine and assess the developed model, which is incorporated within our in-house developed TwinPrint software to automatically suggest flow rates once the user specifies initial parameters. Finally, the flow rate predictive software in conjunction with the advanced dual-arm robotic system hardware are demonstrated in this work to pave the way for automated optimization of 3D bioprinting for enhanced printability, repeatability and standardization.

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Sustainable and Eco-Friendly Coral Restoration through 3D Printing and Fabrication

Cited by 36 publications

References 61 publications

Bioprinted Living Coral Microenvironments Mimicking Coral‐Algal Symbiosis

Bioprinted Living Coral Microenvironments Mimicking Coral‐Algal Symbiosis

Opportunities for further development of 3D-printed floating artificial reefs

A predictive machine learning model to optimize flow rates on an integrated microfluidic pumping system for peptide-based 3D bioprinting

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