Sustainable and cleaner approach for paraffin wax treatment via CO2-induced polarity transformation of switchable solvents

Qi, Jie; Ge, Yang; Li, Qingping; Lv, Xin; Li, Xiaojiang; Wang, Na; Lu, Hongsheng

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.136500

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 43 publications

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“…The pH-responsive surfactant has recently drawn significant attention due to its ability to exhibit controllable surfactivity based solely on pH stimulation. − Emulsions stabilized by pH-responsive surfactants can maintain their stability in the original state but transform to an unstable state upon pH-induced structural damage of the surfactant. − Thus, pH-responsive surfactants endow an emulsion with the behavior of switchable stability, ,, which eliminates the difficult but necessary demulsification steps needed in some applications such as dewatering crude oil . Similarly, the PAM drag reducer is expected to be released from the emulsion efficiently by pH stimulation instead of introducing an extra hydrophilic surfactant .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the Efficient Release of the Polyacrylamide Drag Reducer via a pH-Responsive Inverse Polymer Emulsion

Sun,

Qing,

et al. 2024

Langmuir

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The enormous demand for petroleum consumption has resulted in the shortage of fossil resources, prompting the need to explore unconventional reservoirs. Polyacrylamide emulsion drag reducers are capable of inhibiting the turbulence of fracturing fluids for enhancing the reservoir stimulation results, but the poor dissolution efficiency of polyacrylamide emulsion drag reducers is the primary limitation to their large-scale application. Here, a pH-responsive ionic liquid surfactant, oleic acid/ cyclohexanediamine (HOA/HMDA), is synthesized by using oleic acid (HOA) and cyclohexanediamine (HMDA). HOA/HMDA shows a remarkable pH-responsive behavior due to the pH-induced deconstruction of the HOA/HMDA structure. Interestingly, the HOA/HMDA-stabilized monomer emulsion exhibits an obvious pH-induced emulsion structure transformation behavior. In addition, the HOA/HMDA-stabilized monomer emulsion possesses excellent dynamic and storage stability, supporting the inverse emulsion polymerization of the polymer P(AM/AMPS/AA). The obtained P(AM/AMPS/AA) polymer inverse emulsions maintained stability for 30 days. Our finding proposes that the structure of the P(AM/AMPS/AA) polymer inverse emulsions changes with pH stimulation, which is capable of facilitating the release of polymers. P(AM/AMPS/AA) is released from the P(AM/ AMPS/AA) polymer inverse emulsions within 30 s at a pH value of 12.06, along with a drag reduction rate of 62.54%. Obviously, the HOA/HMDA-stabilized P(AM/AMPS/AA) polymer inverse emulsions eliminate the contradiction between the stability and release of polyacrylamide emulsion drag reducers, which is promising for meeting the demands of reservoir stimulation.

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