Sustainability of Weight Loss Through Smartphone Apps: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis on Anthropometric, Metabolic, and Dietary Outcomes

Chew, Han Shi Jocelyn; Koh, Wee Ling; Ng, Janelle Shaina; Tan, Ker‐Kan

doi:10.2196/40141

Cited by 28 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…However, contrary to hypotheses, no significant differences were observed between groups over the study period. Taken together, the present study demonstrated that smartphone-delivered cognitive training that simulates interactions with healthy food stimuli undertaken in the free-living environment may elicit temporary attenuation of food reward and cravings, plausibly by inducing dietary self-monitoring or ostensible priming of healthy food choices (Chew et al, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Can smartphone‐based response inhibition training elicit sustained changes in appetite, preference, and cravings for energy‐dense foods? A free‐living randomized controlled trial

Moore,

White,

Finlayson

et al. 2023

British J Health Psychol

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BackgroundFood‐specific response inhibition training has been implemented as a strategy to modify food choices and reward‐related eating behaviours, but short‐term studies have produced equivocal findings.ObjectiveTo longitudinally assess the effect of a smartphone‐based response inhibition intervention on food reward, hedonic eating drive, and cravings in a free‐living setting.Methods84 adults (Mage = 30.49, SDage = 13.01, 52 female) with high responsivity to food cues or overweight/obesity were randomly assigned to a response inhibition training intervention (n = 45) or a control game (n = 39) at home during a training week, followed by a week with no training. Primary analyses compared groups on measures of explicit liking and implicit wanting for food of different energy densities, food cravings, and reward‐related eating throughout this two‐week period.ResultsA reduction was observed in explicit liking and implicit wanting for energy‐dense foods from baseline to post‐training independent of condition (ps < .001). These changes from baseline were sustained after a 1‐week latency period, also independent of condition (ps < .001). These effects coincided with similar observations of hedonic eating drive, tonic cravings, and control over cravings during the observation period (ps < .01).ConclusionsAlthough significant reductions in reward‐related appetite were observed, free‐living response inhibition training did not offer additional benefit over a control activity. Future intervention studies with observable food intake are needed to investigate which appetitive mechanisms most reliably predict eating behaviour over time.Trial RegistrationRetrospectively registered with ANZCTR [ACTRN12622001502729].

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Can smartphone‐based response inhibition training elicit sustained changes in appetite, preference, and cravings for energy‐dense foods? A free‐living randomized controlled trial

Moore,

White,

Finlayson

et al. 2023

British J Health Psychol

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“…A recent meta-analysis reported that health apps can lead to a significant weight loss of up to 2.18 kg but little is known about the effects of an adjuvant health coaching element [ 34 ]. Our study found that the use of mobile apps in conjunction with a patient-centered health coaching program significantly improves weight loss (2.15 kg), WC, triglyceride, HbA 1c , and total calorie consumption per day as compared to usual care.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Combined Health Coaching and Self-Monitoring Apps on Weight-Related Outcomes in People With Overweight and Obesity: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Chew¹,

Rajasegaran²,

Chin³

et al. 2023

J Med Internet Res

Self Cite

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Background Self-monitoring smartphone apps and health coaching have both individually been shown to improve weight-related outcomes, but their combined effects remain unclear. Objective This study aims to examine the effectiveness of combining self-monitoring apps with health coaching on anthropometric, cardiometabolic, and lifestyle outcomes in people with overweight and obesity. Methods Relevant articles published from inception till June 9, 2022, were searched through 8 databases (Embase, CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, The Cochrane Library, and Web of Science). Effect sizes were pooled using random-effects models. Behavioral strategies used were coded using the behavior change techniques taxonomy V1. Results A total of 14 articles were included, representing 2478 participants with a mean age of 39.1 years and a BMI of 31.8 kg/m2. Using combined intervention significantly improved weight loss by 2.15 kg (95% CI −3.17 kg to −1.12 kg; P<.001; I2=60.3%), waist circumference by 2.48 cm (95% CI −3.51 cm to −1.44 cm; P<.001; I2=29%), triglyceride by 0.22 mg/dL (95% CI −0.33 mg/dL to 0.11 mg/dL; P=.008; I2=0%), glycated hemoglobin by 0.12% (95% CI −0.21 to −0.02; P=.03; I2=0%), and total calorie consumption per day by 128.30 kcal (95% CI −182.67 kcal to −73.94 kcal; P=.003; I2=0%) kcal, but not BMI, blood pressure, body fat percentage, cholesterol, and physical activity. Combined interventional effectiveness was superior to receiving usual care and apps for waist circumference but only superior to usual care for weight loss. Conclusions Combined intervention could improve weight-related outcomes, but more research is needed to examine its added benefits to using an app. Trial Registration PROSPERO CRD42022345133; https://tinyurl.com/2zxfdpay

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“…Literature review indicates that mobile apps and related technology can positively affect health aspects, in particular weight loss, as well as diabetes prevention and treatment [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ]. Similarly, an initial literature review indicates a significant number of publications on the use of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning techniques for diabetes prediction, prevention, and treatment [ 28 , 29 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ].…”

Section: Methodology and Contextual Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capacity Strengthening Undertaking—Farm Organized Response of Workers against Risk for Diabetes: (C.S.U.—F.O.R.W.A.R.D. with Cal Poly)—A Concept Approach to Tackling Diabetes in Vulnerable and Underserved Farmworkers in California

Sikalidis

Kristo

Reaves

et al. 2022

Sensors

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In our project herein, we use the case of farmworkers, an underserved and understudied population at high risk for Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), as a paradigm of an integrated action-oriented research, education and extension approach involving the development of long-term equitable strategies providing empowerment and tailored-made solutions that support practical decision-making aiming to reduce risk of T2DM and ensuing cardiovascular disease (CVD). A Technology-based Empowerment Didactic module (TEDm) and an Informed Decision-Making enhancer (IDMe) coupled in a smart application (app) for farmworkers aiming to teach, set goals, monitor, and support in terms of nutrition, hydration, physical activity, sleep, and circadian rhythm towards lowering T2DM risk, is to be developed and implemented considering the particular characteristics of the population and setting. In parallel, anthropometric, biochemical, and clinical assessments will be utilized to monitor risk parameters for T2DM and compliance to dietary and wellness plans. The app incorporating anthropometric/clinical/biochemical parameters, dietary/lifestyle behavior, and extent of goal achievement can be continuously refined and improved through machine learning and re-programming. The app can function as a programmable tool constantly learning, adapting, and tailoring its services to user needs helping optimization of practical informed decision-making towards mitigating disease symptoms and associated risk factors. This work can benefit apart from the direct beneficiaries being farmworkers, the stakeholders who will be gaining a healthier, more vibrant workforce, and in turn the local communities.

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Sustainability of Weight Loss Through Smartphone Apps: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis on Anthropometric, Metabolic, and Dietary Outcomes

Cited by 28 publications

References 53 publications

Can smartphone‐based response inhibition training elicit sustained changes in appetite, preference, and cravings for energy‐dense foods? A free‐living randomized controlled trial

Can smartphone‐based response inhibition training elicit sustained changes in appetite, preference, and cravings for energy‐dense foods? A free‐living randomized controlled trial

Effectiveness of Combined Health Coaching and Self-Monitoring Apps on Weight-Related Outcomes in People With Overweight and Obesity: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Capacity Strengthening Undertaking—Farm Organized Response of Workers against Risk for Diabetes: (C.S.U.—F.O.R.W.A.R.D. with Cal Poly)—A Concept Approach to Tackling Diabetes in Vulnerable and Underserved Farmworkers in California

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